3192418
Factors Contributing to
the Collapse of
Yugoslavia
- Ideologies
- Nationalism
- ethnic nationalism
- ethnic groups within the Federal Yugoslav state felt
that they were genetically superior to the other
ethnic groups in the respective republics
- Used by Milošević
- encouraged Serbian dominance
- encouraged Serbian dominance
- Arguably was the main factor
that caused the disintegration
of Yugoslavia
- ethnic groups within the Federal Yugoslav state felt
that they were genetically superior to the other
ethnic groups in the respective republics
- Yugoslavian Nationalism
- Encouraged by Tito
- Achieved by encouraging
ethnic diversity within the
Yugoslavian states
- Caused the war in Bosnia and Croatia
- Caused the war in Bosnia and Croatia
- Achieved by encouraging
ethnic diversity within the
Yugoslavian states
- "I never wanted an
independent Bosnia. I
wanted Yugoslavia.
That is my country."
Emir Kusturica Read
- Encouraged by Tito
- ethnic nationalism
- Socialism
- Broke with the USSR and
formed their own socialist
regieme
- Cultivated by Josep Tito
- an 'advanced'
socialist regieme
- “The only differences one can and should
allow in socialism are between hard
working people and idlers and between
honest people and dishonest people.”
Slobodan Milosevic
- Broke with the USSR and
formed their own socialist
regieme
- Nationalism
- Historical
- Serbians seen as
dominant and opressive
- Axis powers invaded Yugoslavia in 1941
- Croatia formed an alliance with the Axis invaders
- Awarded a puppet state for
Croatias allegiance that included
Bosnia
- pursued a policy of racial
and ethnic persecution
- established their own concentration camps for Serbs, Jews and Gypsies
- pursued a policy of racial
and ethnic persecution
- Awarded a puppet state for
Croatias allegiance that included
Bosnia
- Rest of Yugoslavia fought back against the invaders
- Croatia formed an alliance with the Axis invaders
- Serbians seen as
dominant and opressive
- Leaders
- Josip Broz Tito
(Yugoslavian
president1943-80)
- Ruled Yugoslavia
dictatorially
- United the people of Yugoslavia
by ruling with an iron fist
- Titos motto
"Brotherhood and
unity" discouraged
Nationalism and held
Yugoslavia together
- His death ‘deprived
the country…of a
unifying symbol
- Ruled Yugoslavia
dictatorially
- Slobodan Milošević
- Encouraged Serbian
ethnic nationalism
- strived to form a ‘state in which one
national group was dominant’ that
group being Serbians
- Provoked
ethnic
conflict
- to maintain their power at a
time of political uncertainty
- to maintain their power at a
time of political uncertainty
- Encouraged Serbian
ethnic nationalism
- Josip Broz Tito
(Yugoslavian
president1943-80)
- Political
- Communism
- Communism seen as an
illegitimate political system
at the end of the cold war
- Fall of the Berlin wall1989
- Some of the
Yugoslavian public
to loose faith in a
communist
government
- Fall of the Berlin wall1989
- Republic Socialist
Federation of
Yugoslavis
- Developed and
overseen by Josip Tito
- Developed and
overseen by Josip Tito
- Communism seen as an
illegitimate political system
at the end of the cold war
- Government
strongly dominated
by Serbs
- Communism
- Geographical
- 6 Republics of Yugoslavia
- Serbia
- Kosovo
- Within Serbia, contained a huge number of ethnic albanians
- Within Serbia, contained a huge number of ethnic albanians
- Vojvodina
- Kosovo
- Slovenia
- Montenegro
- Croatia
- Republic borders
are not necessarily a
reflection of ethnic
borders (see image)
- Croatia
- 12% Serbian minority
- 12% Serbian minority
- Bosnia and
Herzegovina
- 44% Muslim
- 12% Croats
- 32% Serbians
- 44% Muslim
- Croatia
- Republic borders
are not necessarily a
reflection of ethnic
borders (see image)
- Bosnia and
Herzegovina
- Macedonia
- Serbia
- Ethnicities spread out over the whole country
- Encouraged by Tito as
he believed it would
create a more united
Yugoslavia
- Exploited by Milošević
- 6 Republics of Yugoslavia
- Cultural
- Ethnic hatreds
- Slovenians
- Croatians
- Despised by Serbs for
the genocide that took
place during WW2
- Despised by Serbs for
the genocide that took
place during WW2
- Serbians
- The 'first' Yugoslavia
dominated by serbs
- Ruled by the
Serbian royal family
- Ruled by the
Serbian royal family
- Ethnic minorities
were pitted
against majorities
in different areas
- Especially prevelant in bosnia
- "Freedom is not empowerment.
Empowerment is what the Serbs
have in Bosnia. Anybody can
grab a gun and be empowered."
P. J. O'Rourke Read more at
- "He was driven by the idea that when
Milosevic grabs a part of Bosnia, Croatia
should get a piece of it, too." Stjepan Mesic
Read more at
- "Freedom is not empowerment.
Empowerment is what the Serbs
have in Bosnia. Anybody can
grab a gun and be empowered."
P. J. O'Rourke Read more at
- Especially prevelant in bosnia
- The 'first' Yugoslavia
dominated by serbs
- Bosnian
- Albanian
- Kosovo homes a
large number of
ethnic Albanians
- “Many of these targets are indeed the
brains behind the brutality going on in
Kosovo today, part of the apparatus
that is driving this ethnic genocide that
is going on inside this part of former
Yugoslavia,” George Robertson
- “Many of these targets are indeed the
brains behind the brutality going on in
Kosovo today, part of the apparatus
that is driving this ethnic genocide that
is going on inside this part of former
Yugoslavia,” George Robertson
- Kosovo homes a
large number of
ethnic Albanians
- Slovenians
- Differences and
tensions supresed under
communist rule
- Ethnic hatreds
- Conflicts
- when countries formally part of
Yugoslavia declared independence,
ethnic minorities rebel after as they
find themselves in a country that does
not reflect their wishes of cultural views
- Bosnia and Herzegovina
independence (1992-95)
- Serbian minority
fought to rejoin
Serbia and
Yugoslavia
- Bosnia and
Herzegovina Serbs
attempt to declare a
Yugoslavian state
- Bosnia and
Herzegovina Serbs
attempt to declare a
Yugoslavian state
- Croatian minority
also added tension
- Genocide against the Bosnian Muslim
population was carried out seperetly by
Serbian and Croatian forces
- Ethnic clensing
- Ethnic clensing
- Genocide against the Bosnian Muslim
population was carried out seperetly by
Serbian and Croatian forces
- Serbian minority
fought to rejoin
Serbia and
Yugoslavia
- Slovenian independence (1991)
- little conflict as most of the
population was ethnic slovenian
ethnic minorities present
- little conflict as most of the
population was ethnic slovenian
ethnic minorities present
- Croatian independence
(1991-95)
- Serbian minority attempts
to remain part of Yugoslavia
- Serbians have support of
Yugoslavian army. 4 year
war ensues
- Serbians have support of
Yugoslavian army. 4 year
war ensues
- Serbian minority attempts
to remain part of Yugoslavia
- Kosovo uprisings-1998
- Albanians living within the
Serbian provence began
fighting for their
independence from Serbia
- Serbian Army intervenes and
attacks Albanians resulting is
many Kosovo-Albanian refugees
and NATO intervention
- Serbian Army intervenes and
attacks Albanians resulting is
many Kosovo-Albanian refugees
and NATO intervention
- Albanians living within the
Serbian provence began
fighting for their
independence from Serbia
- when countries formally part of
Yugoslavia declared independence,
ethnic minorities rebel after as they
find themselves in a country that does
not reflect their wishes of cultural views
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