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chem forces

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Chemistry Mind Map on chem forces, created by Danica Alistoun on 14/07/2021.
Danica Alistoun
Mind Map by Danica Alistoun, updated more than 1 year ago
Danica Alistoun
Created by Danica Alistoun almost 3 years ago
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Resource summary

chem forces
  1. intra-molecular (interatomic)
    1. inside the molecule
      1. bonds
        1. covalent
          1. polar
            1. EN difference of >0
              1. the higher the EN difference, the stronger the bond
            2. non-polar
              1. EN difference of 0
              2. both non-metals
                1. electrons are shared
                  1. low melting point, good insulator
              3. ionic
                1. metal and a non metal
                  1. a cation and an anion
                    1. very strong bond
                      1. electrostatic
                  2. arranged in a lattice structure
                    1. most are solid at room temp
                      1. high boiling and melting temp
                        1. only a conductor when a solution
                          1. brittle
                            1. electrons are transferred
                  3. metallic
                    1. both are metal
                      1. conductor
                        1. high melting point
                      2. valence electrons are delocalised
                        1. electrostatic
                          1. malleable, shiny, ductile
                      3. breaking/forming
                        1. energy is released when formed
                          1. energy is absorbed when broken
                          2. structure
                            1. AX/ AX2
                              1. linear
                              2. AX2E2
                                1. bent or angular
                                2. AX3
                                  1. trigonal planar
                                  2. AX3E
                                    1. trigonal pyramidal
                                    2. AX4E
                                      1. tetrahedral
                                      2. AX5
                                        1. trigonal bipyramidal
                                        2. AX6
                                          1. octahedral
                                  3. inter-molecular
                                    1. between molecules
                                      1. dipole-dipole
                                        1. hydrogen bond
                                          1. dipole-dipole
                                          2. induced dipole forces
                                            1. van der waals forces
                                              1. ie london forces/dispersed forces
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