Mind map

STYLES AND STRATEGIES

Alejandra Muñoz English

Map content

For second language acquisition
- Style
  - Characteristics that differentiate each human being
  - Learning
    - Cognitive style
      - Way to learn something and to approach a problem
    - Learning style
      - Ways of interaction in the school
      - Is a mediator
        Emotions
        Cognitive part
      - Includes factors like culture, communication, affectivity, and so on.
  - Field independence
    - Ability to perceive something relevant in a distracting items
      - Students can be more analytical
    - Field dependence
      - Perceive something as an 'everything' instead of a fragment
        Students can be more empathetic and social
  - Left- and right-brain functioning
    - Left
      - Logical dimension
        Students preferred a deductive way of teaching
    - Right
      - Affective dimension
        Students preferred an inductive way of teaching
  - Ambiguity tolerance
    - Referred to the capacity to tolerate contrary ideas
      - Students can be more open-minded about new cultures and new gays of speak English
  - Reflectivity and impulsivity
    - Reflectivity
      - Tend to weigh possibilities
      - Systematic
    - Impulsivity
      - Intuitive
      - Tend to quickly solve somenthing
  - Visual and auditory styles
    - Visual
      - Students prefer reading and graphic info
    - Auditory
      - Students prefer listening and audio
For second language acquisition
- Strategy
  - Method of approaching a problem
  - Learning
    - Cognitive
      - Recombination
        Combining known elements in a new way to create meanings
      - Imagery
        Info on visual concepts
      - Auditory representation
        Retention of a word's sound
      - Inferencing
        Use a given information to extract other meanings
      - Transfer
        Use acquired linguistic to learn a new idiom
      - Elaboration
        New concepts related with memory
      - Contextualization
        Word with a meaningful language sequence
      - Keyword
        Remembering a new word
      - Deduction
        Applying rules to understand
    - Socioaffective
      - Cooperation
      - Question for clarification
    - Input
  - Communication
    - Avoidance
      - Avoid difficulties in learning
      - Syntactic or lexical
      - Phonological
      - Topic
    - Compensatory
      - Prefabricated patterns
      - Direct appeal for help
    - Output
  - Strategies-based instruction
    - Application of learning and communication strategies in the school
    - Teachers become aware students about the styles and strategies
    - Teachers can practice strategies into their pedagogy
      - Lower inhibitions
      - Encourage risk taking
      - Students' self-confidence
      - Develop intrinsic motivation
      - Use of right-brain
      - Ambiguity tolerance
      - Use of intuition
      - Other view about mistakes
      - Students set their own goals
    - Texbooks can be an approach when teaching
    - Some compensatory techniques can help students to overcome weaknesses
For second language acquisition
- Process
  - Is a characteristic of humans