COGNITIVE INFLUENCES ON LANGUAGE LEARNING

COGNITIVE INFLUENCES ON LANGUAGE LEARNING

1. Cognitive Factors refer to the mental conditions, strategies or process which the learner has access to while learning a foreign language.

2. 1.2 INTELLIGENCE OR THE "G" FACTOR

   • The "G" is for general, since it is present in all learners
     • Intelligence has been defined and measured in terms of lingüistic and logico-mathematical abilities. IQ (Intelligence Quotient).
       • Multiple Intelligences (Gardner 1985)
         • 1. Logico-Mathematic 2. Lingüistic, 3. Spatial, 4. Musical, 5. Bodily-Kinesthetic, 6. Interpersonal, 7. Naturalistic, 8. Spiritual
       • Intelligence may influence the aquisition of some skills associated with SLA ( Reading, Writing, Language analysis, and vocabulary study).

3. 1.3 LANGUAGE APTITUDE

   • It is considered to be the "natural ability" which we have to learn languages.
     • Components: Phonemic or phonetic coding ability, Grammatical sensitivity, Inductive language learning ability, Rote learning ability

4. 1.4 COGNITIVE STYLE

   • It refers to the manner in which the learner perceives, monitors, conceptualises and recalls lingüistic information.
     • It is considered by Brown (1973) as a combination of affect and cognition.
       • Learning styles: Visual learning, Auditory learning, Kinaesthetic learning and Tactile learning

5. 1.5 LEARNING STRATEGIES

   • They are steps taken by the learner to aid the aquisition, storage and retrieval of information.
     • CHARACTERISTICS
       • 1. Contribute to the main goal: communicative competence
         • 2. Allow learners to become more self-directed and autonomous.
           • 3. Expand the role of teachers.
     • TYPES OF STRATEGIES
       • Cognitive Strategies, Memory Strategies, Compensation Strategies, Metacognitive Strategies, Social Strategies Affective strategies Communication Strategies

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