Atomic Structure

Atomic Structure

1. Mass Spectrometry

   • Vaporistation
     • Volatile liquid
       • Sucked up by vacum pump
     • Low pressure liquid to gas
     • Hollow needle
   • Ionisation
     • Electrons attracted to postive charge
       • Postive ion created
   • Travel
     • Smallest are fastest
     • Less force needed to accelarate
     • Towards negatively charged plate
       • Pass through become beam
   • Detector
     • Smallest reach detector first
       • Produces small eletric current
     • Shows abundance vs m/z ratio
     • Atoms picked up by vacum pump

2. Relative atomic mass

3. Ionisation energy

   • Decrease Mg  Al as e- in more distant, more shielded 3p
   • Decrease P  S as e- spins pair, for S, causing repulsions

4. Basic atomic structure

   • Proton
     • Relative mass 1
     • Relative charge +1
   • Electron
     • Relative mass 1/1836
     • Relative charge - 1
   • Neutron
     • Relative mass 1
     • Relative charge 0

5. Definitions

   • Atomic structure
     • Number of protons in a atom
   • Mass number
     • Sum of protons and neutrons
   • Isotope
     • atoms of same element having the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

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