Earth

Earth

1. Core- (inner & outer) iron, nickel, sulfur

   • Mantle- silicate materials
     • Crust- granitic, basaltic rocks

2. HEAT Sources:

   • Primordial Heat- 5%
     • Crystallization/Differentiation/Friction- heat cools, crystallizes, moves, friction=heat
       • Radioactive Decay: 90%, unstable isotopes decay radioactively into other more stable elements, releasing energy and radiation
         • Least to Most Radioactive: Banana, Nuts, Salt, Nuclear Waste, Smoke Detector, Granite

3. Unconfortmities:

   • Disunconformity- unconformity between parallels of sedimentary rocks
   • Angular Unconformity- uplift, tilt, followed by erosion and new disposition
   • Nonconformity- igneous or metamorphic rock eroded and sedimentary rock

4. Law of Faunal Succession- over time, life forms change, old ones disappear and new ones appear in the geologic record

5. Uniformitarism- geologists can infer much about how rocks were formed/changed in the past bc the same physical laws have operated through history

6. Relative Age Dating

   • Stratigraphy-studies rock layer (strata) and layering (stratification)
     • Principle of Original Horizontality- sediments are deposited in horizontal, flat layers

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