History of Interfaces

History of Interfaces

1. Charles Babbage

   • Ada Lovelace
     • Vannevar Bush
       • JCR Licklider
         • Ivan Sutherland
           • Douglas Engelbart
             • Alan Kay
               • Steve Jobs
                 • Current Players
                   • Microsoft, Google, etc. saw Apple's success with GUIs and personal devices
                     • built their own versions w/ new features: touchscreens, smartphones, AR, etc.
                   • 1980s-present
                 • Lisa and Macintosh: recruited Xerox engineers and built on the Alto
                 • 1980s
               • Xerox Alto: built on NLS prototype and GUI but not commercially available
               • 1970s
             • NLS (oN-Line System): precursor to modern computing
               • windows, hypertext, graphics, command input, word processing, mouse, etc.
             • 1960s
           • Sketchpad: interactive experience (basis for later GUIs)
         • man-computer symbiosis
           • funded research that led to the Internet and GUI
         • 1940s
       • Memex: massive memory device
         • goal of augmenting human abilities
       • 1945
     • mechanical computer algorithms
     • early 1800s
   • analytical engine (mechanical
   • early 1800s