A2 PE:phsiology

Annotations:

• a)ATP=adenosine-energy-Pi-enrgy-Pi-energy-Pi b) Adenosie-Pi-Pi-Pi>adenosine-Pi-Pi+ Pi   +energy
• ATP is found within carbohydrates and the body breaks down the food to find te ATP which can be synthesised to produce ADP, a phosphate group and energy by using ATPase

1. proprioceptive muscular facilitation
   1. active
      1. Muscle inhibition

         Annotations:

         • increasing the amount of movement in the muscle
   2. passive
      2. concentric
         2. reciprocal inhibition

            Annotations:

            • muscular relaxation that occurs in the muscle that is opposite the muscle where the golgi tendon organ is stimulated
         3. referred to as "contract"
            1. partner moves the athlete extended leg to a point of mild discomfort

               Annotations:

               • passive stretch held for 10 seconds
            2. the athlete concentrically contracts

               Annotations:

               • by pushing their extended leg onto the partners hand, the partner should allow the leg to go towards the floor but enough force to allow a little resistance
            3. athlete relaxes and the partner completes second passive stretch

               Annotations:

               • the leg move further than before 
      3. isometric
         1. immediately before passive stretch
            1. helps achieve autogenic inhibition

               Annotations:

               • relaxation of the muscle spindle resulting from the golgi tendon organ stimulation (increasing the amount of movement in the joint)
         2. referred to as "hold"
            1. 1- a partner moves athletes extended leg

               Annotations:

               • usually to a point of mild discomfort
            2. 2- the athlete isometrically contracts the hamstrings

               Annotations:

               • by pushing the extended leg onto the partners hand the partner should keep enough pressure to keep the leg static
            3. 3- the athlete relaxes and the partner completes a second passive stretch

               Annotations:

               • the athletes leg should move further
2. Pros and cons
   1. pros
      1. effective increase in ROM
   2. cons
      1. For most exercises a partner is necessary.
      2. Decreased maximum strength after performing PNF.