The growing economic interdependence of countries worldwide through increasing
volume and variety of cross-border transaction in goods and services, freer
international capital flows, and more rapid and widespread diffusion of technology.
What are the Key aspects of gloablisation?
1) Economic interdependency that occurs between countries on a global scale (2) the
spread of development in technologies (fueled by interdependency) (3) Politically the
world is becoming similar (democracy,freedom and freetrade) (4) Cultural globalisation
western cultural norms are spreading to non-western cultures (machu-picchu) (5)
demographic gloablisation the increasing number of migrants in the world and mixing of
ethnicities
How has globalisation affected population distribution?
in the past 50 years there has been a shift in population between continents as Asia
and Africa are increasing their share of the worlds population but north america and
europe are growing relatively slowly . In areas such as asia the increased population
growth is putting pressure on resources> an example of this is in china where they have
industrialised and become dependant on fossil fuels they now have to look to africa for
resources.
How is
globalisation
linked to
population
change
Population change is an outcome of natural change and migrational change. Natural change is when the crude
birthrate is higher than the crude death rate this is natural increase. However fertility rate is more accurate than birth
rate as it measures the numbers of births a year per 1000 women between 15-44 years. MIgrational change and
net migration gain is when more people immigrate than emmigrate
What factors affect MIgration?
there are push and pull factors / lee models is an adaptation of push and pull and considers intervening obstacles these are (1) Social obstacles -family ties, lack of education (2) Economic obstacles - cost of setting up new home (3) Lack of
information about the destination (4) intervening opportunities or places.
What can be used to show population change?
Demographic transition model
What can it be used to portray?
Change over space - look at different countries population over one stage. Change
over time
What country is in
stage 2 and why?
Ethiopia - better
diet and medical
facilities and
sanitation and
water supply
improved
Stage 3
and why?
Bangladesh -
improved
knowledge of
family palnning,
differenroel of
women in society
Stage 4 and why?
Poland -
more
economically
developed
country
Stage 5 and why?
Russian
Federation -
there is a
natural
decrease in
population
What does interdepndency mean?
relation between
interdependent entities
What factors accelerate globalisation?
The improvement of communication networks -Since
1970's development of communication networks
such as transportation bigger jet aircraft, high speed
trains and better road systems in countries.
Development of electronic technology the internet as
in 1998 2.3 million UK households had the internet
and by 2006 14.3 million UK households had internet
The development of transnational companies - the companies have their headquarters
in the origin country but have branchpants throughout the world. An example of this is
that the frist car made in the UK was produced by the german company
Daimler.Companies become transnation in order to reduce costs or imporve sales. An
example of this is honda producing cars in thew UK at swindon to imporve sales in
europe and Levi-strauss produce their clothes in central america and china to reduce
production costs. The world most transnational firms can be calculated through sales
and employment located abroad McDonalds, NIke and cocacola are not included
thomson is
Decreasing cost of transportation and communication - since 1950 this means that
it is easier for the headquarters to communicate with their branchplants or travel to
them quickly and cheaply. As people are able to travel more quickly and cheaply it is
encouraging people to migrate for employment. Internet allows people to do internet
shopping which means thta TNC's are responsible for 70% of the worlds trade.
The increase in global wealth and
the development of new markets