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50719
Evolution
Description
Biology Mind Map on Evolution, created by lauren_morris on 19/04/2013.
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biology
biology
Mind Map by
lauren_morris
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
lauren_morris
about 11 years ago
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Resource summary
Evolution
Theories
Darwin's
Based on Natural Selection
Individuals compete for resources
Those with characteristics best suited survive
These individuals reproduce to produce more well-suited individuals
Random mutations cause variation in the species
This idea was found after Darwin's time
It was the evidence he needed
People objected at first
Theory goes against story of creation
Not enough evidence
No evidence of inheritance or variation
Lamarck's
If characteristic used a lot, that would improve over generations
If characteristic not used a lot, eventually disappear
Usually dismissed today
Species would become more complex
There are still simple organisms around today
Darwin's is most trusted today
Example
The Peppered Moth
Random mutation caused variation - some dark, some light
Tree surfaces are dark due to pollution
Dark moth less likely to be seen and eaten
Dark moths survive and breed
Dark characteristics repeated over generations
Classification
Organisation of living things according to their similarities
E.g. Animal and Plant Kingdoms
Smallest - species
Rapid Mutation of TB
1. TB infects someone. The variation in the TB due to random gene mutations means that some bacteria are resistant to antibiotics
2. After a course of antibiotics, all bacteria are killed except the resistant ones. This is through survival of the fittest and is Natural Selection
3. These reproduce, passing on the resistant gene, keeping the patient ill
4. So, a new drug has to be found that they are not resistant to.
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