Person Centred Theory

Person Centred Theory

1. Carl Rogers

   • Client is the expert
     • Fully functioning person
       • Existential living (here & now)
       • Trusts organismic self
         • Congruent
         • Autonomous
         • Listens to internal locus of evaluation
       • Experiential freedom
         • takes responsibility for actions
       • Creativity
       • Openness to experiences
     • Client knows how to self heal
   • Everybody exists in a changing world and we are the centre of that world
     • Frame of reference
       • Internal frame of reference = our unique view of the world

2. Phenomenology

   • What does this mean to me? (phenomenological question)
     • No one's ideas or experiences are as relevant as your own
       • You can not live someone else's experiences
   • Maurice Merleau-Ponty
   • The sense that is within you now (phenomenological moment)

3. John Slein

   • Ethical Principles
     • 7. We are the ultimate source
       • Demons
       • Cover ups
       • Defences
       • Faults
       • Secrets

4. Abraham Maslow

   • Humanistic
     • The Third Force
   • Humans are all basically good
     • Central human motive
       • Self-actualisation (the peak of human achievement)
   • Hierarchy of Needs
     • I am comfortable
       • I am safe
         • I belong
           • I am known
             • I am me

5. Concept of Self

   • Introjected values
     • Internalising others' projected views
       • Conditions of worth
         • Living to others' values to gain approval
           • Self concept diminishes
             • Incongruence
               • Being at odds with yourself
               • Not knowing who you are anymore
               • Client presents for counselling
                 • Necessary & sufficient conditions
                   • Core conditions
                     • Empathy
                     • UPR
                     • Congruence
                   • Hidden conditions
                     • 2 people in psychological contact
                       • Is client psychologically 'present'?
                     • Client's state of incongruence
                     • Client understands Counsellor is trying to help
                       • Therapeutic alliance forms
                         • Relationship strenghtens
                           • Relational depth
                         • Therapeutic change commences
                           • Client explores why they are at odds
                             • Client finds out who they are
                               • Client understands motivations and desires
                                 • Organismic self becomes more available
                                   • Trusts own judgement & self
                                     • Makes decisions based on internal locus of evaluation
                                       • Fully functioning person
                                 • Introjected values & conditions of worth fade
                                 • Self concept becomes stronger
                                 • Accepts responsibility for actons
               • Too busy trying to please others
           • External locus of evaluation
             • Others' views are more important
               • Organismic Self lessens
                 • Edge of awareness
   • Real self
     • Being true and accepting of yourself
       • Organismic valuing
         • Looking after your own emotional wellbeing
           • Making sure your needs are met
           • Being able to say 'no'
           • Knowing what is right or wrong for you
   • Ideal self

6. Non-directive therapy

   • Growth model of personal development
   • Works with 'here & now' emotions
   • Relies on quality of counsellor/client relationship

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