Renaissance

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• The renaissance played a big role in the world the big change to the world was mostly influenced by the ancient greek and rome renaissance  was perhaps the second most influential society they changed engineering to a new level in addition philosophy, science and mathematics, changed the way of art culture.

1. Architecture

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   • Architecture was influence by the Romans. Architecture is the art and science of designing building of large structures. It was important to the society because it provides physical attribute.
   1. Brunelleschi

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      • Brunelleschi was born in Florence in 1377. He was the father of modern architecture and perspective, he was known for the first born engineer he created and engineered Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore people haven't seen this type of dome before with a godlike skills of engineering, he played a big part on the Architecture
2. Art

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   • Art always have played a role on every society no matter what and with the idea of Humanism in the Renaissance period Artist began, to study the human body and understand it capacity and capability They would start to draw paintings about humans more than religion.
   1. Donatello

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      • Donatello a italian sculpture, one of the greatest sculpture done in the 1475–1564 it was done by Michelangelo. This sculpture was more than an art it was an idea, just like having it own mind of an genis, the sculpture was influenced artist still up to this day, he was famous for making sculpture and the sculptures he made drawn attention for centuries, he had a very individual art without taking other people's idea, he really has a mind of an angel.
   2. Michelangelo

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      • Michelangelo had made great influences on the Art Industry. Michelangelo changed the world's opinion of artists through his unbelievable Art. With groundbreaking art, he created some of the most revered pieces known to mankind, and his attention to detail made these works remarkable. His paintings are considered some of the greatest work of all time. His work changed the high Renaissance to another level to compete with.
   3. Non Religious Themes

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      • During the Middle Ages, a time of European history from the third through 13th centuries, art and learning were focused on the church and religion. But at the start of the 14th century, people became less committed in the Gods, heaven and the saints, and more about themselves, with the people they live with. Part of this switch was adepted by the study of ancient Greek and Roman writings on scientific matters, government, philosophy, and art. When scholars during the Renaissance began to study these writings, their interests swap away from traditional studies such as religion, medicine and the law. The people of the Renaissance became interested in other areas of science,, biology and astronomy. People now studied mathematics, engineering, and architecture. Artists, writers, musicians and composers began creating work outside of the church.
   4. Patrons

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      • The 15th century was the time for to show the powerful patrons. Italy was not a unified nation, but a series of city states. As various cities developed more and, the leaders of these cities became very powerful themselves. These leaders earn their own courts and hired painters or sculptors to be the official court artists. Other than  these leaders, Italy was also filling up with wealthy merchants and bankers that developed trading.
   5. Perspective

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      • Perspective is a way of making paints in a 3D looking style by using a flat surface, only advance and high skill painters do this Art because of it lack of difficulty. In the Middle Ages, the period before the Renaissance, most art in Europe was about religion and Gods Because the people in Medieval period were based on religion and was stuck to it so they needed to see heaven, the background was left to the imagination and the teachings of the church, painters didn’t actually knew what the heaven looked liked. Gold backgrounds were very common, as the air in heaven surely must be rare and for only some speci people to see. When people became more into the world around them and the ideas of other people instant of heaven and the teachings of Christ and the saints. People wanted to see something else rather than religion so landscape painting began appearing with the design of Architecture skills like nowadays buildings. In the Renaissance, painters needed to be able to translate the 3D world around them onto a flat surface of a painting, called the "picture plane.
   6. Raphael

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      • Raphael was a italian figure he was most known of his paintings you might not recognize him but after his paints you will know who this is. He gain popularity of his well done paintings and drawings. Together with Michelangelo and Leonardo they did some of the most known paintings of all time, a master piece. Raphael influenced painters, with his own his paints as a sense of personality, with emotions around each person’s face. He was thought to be one of the most detailed painters of all portraitists. He also changed the way people thought of the Holy Madonna. Raphael changed the art industry, the way people look at art is different compare to before all because of Raphael. Raphael is one of the most famous painters of all time.
3. Humanism

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   • Humanism was an intellectual, and smart movement which was made in the thirteenth century, and came to dominate European thought during the Renaissance, in which it played a big important role in creating. At the core of Renaissance Humanism was using the study of classical texts to alter contemporary thinking, breaking with the medieval mindsets and creating something new.. This movement is created with the study of classical culture and a group of subjects known collectively as the “studia humanitatis”, or the humanities. Humanism and the humanities included studies in speaking, grammar, poetry, ethics and history. The Humanism was to learn much as possible of classical writing and logic Humanism played a big role in the Renaissance period with most people using the system.
   1. Independent Thinking

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      • Humanism is a philosophy of life that considers the welfare of humankind rather than the welfare of a supposed God or Gods. Humanism's focus is on using human efforts to meet human needs and wants in this world, helping each other with their knowledge Humanism had affirmed that we humans have a purpose to live in this world we are meant to do something big rather we know it or not, we all have our freedom to accomplish what we want.  Therefore, people that lived during the Renaissance period were told to have their own ideas and opinions, and started questioning what they were told by their rulers.
      1. Power of the Church and Kings Challenged

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         • The Renaissance was a period of questioning and discovery period of time it was like the Ancient Greek and Romans lots of ideas and discoveries was found in the period. People started to think bigger not relying on anyone. Experiment with new ideas and concepts. As more things start developing advancements were made in the arts and sciences. The Catholic Church began to lose power and influence, less people belief in religion anymore and lost interest in the world.The spread of philosophy known as humanism during the Renaissance was one main reason which lead to a rise in secularism in Europe during the late Middle Ages. Humanism taught people to think as individuals and have our own beliefs and ideas the idea that humans, not supernatural forces, controlled history. As a result, many people started questioning the teachings of the Church.
4. Printing

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   • The printing press was one of the most well known inventions of the Renaissance period. It was a huge push behind the spread of humanism across Europe. The invention of the printing press changed the world in many different aspect, it led people to have options and be creative since people don’t have to hand copy the words. During ancient times, and for most of the Middle Ages, books were handwritten by scribes or monks and many people did not learn how to read. Most books were written in Latin, a language only intelligent and well educated people could only understand . After the printing press was discovered and start being used the whole world tunrd which led to people making more writing and literature, it change the books industry and changed the world. The invention of the printing press also made a huge impact on the Catholic Church, since most people around didn’t learn and understand Latin, now it is translated into many languages which is a huge factor.
   1. Gutenberg

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      • Is a german man who invented the printing press and introduced to the europe and it changed the world with his invention. To make a book was very difficult in the old days the reasons is that people had to use hand coping to create a book the book covers are made with animals skins and outside parts, which made the books very impossible to get for the regular people escape nobles and people with high rankings, after the printing press was created the books prices dropped a lot from the previous price, now people could afford books.
      1. Famous Printed Bible

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         • Johann Gutenberg was the inventor of the bible, it was the first printed latin bible in 1455 it was done in Mainz, Germany, the book at first had to be copied by hand thanks to be printing press it could been done in a short period of time at the early stages it was made using movable metallic type.
5. Science

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   • During the Renaissance, great advances in geography, astronomy, chemistry, physics, mathematics, manufacturing, anatomy and engineering, the rediscovery of ancient scientific texts was accelerated after the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, and the invention of printing which would democratize learning and allow a faster propagation of new ideas. Science and art were very closely related during this time. Great artists, such as Leonardo da Vinci, would study anatomy to better understand the body so they could create better paintings and sculptures. Architects such as Filippo Brunelleschi made advances in math in order to design buildings. The true geniuses of the time were often both artists and scientists. They were both considered talents of the true Renaissance man.
   1. Copernicus

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      • Nicolaus Copernicus was a Renaissance mathematician and astronomer, and he created a model of universe that be can witness, with his math, and knowledge he was the first person on history who created a general system, he is motivated by  aesthetics, his math can be said a motion with the planets.
   2. Galileo

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      • Galileo was an Genis who knew lots of roles like  physicist, engineer, philosopher, and mathematician, but his primary role and known, was scientific and he revolutionist the Renaissance period, Galileo made pioneering observations that laid the foundation for modern physics and astronomy's ideas and research. Galileo changed lots of ideas that held in his time period, he was the founder of laws motion and telescope, and the improvements are still improving up to this day, he found that all objects weight fell with the same speed regardless of their mass, people say he created the telescope because he knew the compound and so much about it, he didn’t created it but he improved the telescope and its mechanics.
   3. Vesalius

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      • Andreas Vesalius was an anatomist, physician, and an author he had created one of the most inspirational and pass on books on human anatomy, De humani corporis fabrica. Vesalius is often referred to as the founder of modern human anatomy. His excelente 1543 book was a fully illustrated anatomy of the human body.

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• Florence is often called as the birthplace of the Renaissance. The early writers and artists of the period spreaded from this city in the northern hills of Italy. As a center for the European wool trade, the political power of the city rested mainly in the hands of the wealthy merchants who dominated the industry. These merchants built enormous gilded mansions in the city, and villas in the country. Florentines believed themselves to be living in a new age, “reborn” they trade bankings and had lots of high quality goods, Florentines was ruled by the medici family, with them in control of the city.

1. Medici Family

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   • The Medici family, have control and ruled the city florence's throughout much of the Renaissance, played a large part in the supporting the arts and the political development of the city. The Medici are most famous for their support of the arts. Patronage is a supporter who help people by giving them their own money where a wealthy person or family sponsors artists. They would pay artists commissions for major works of art. The Medici patronage had an enormous impact on the Renaissance’s, allowing artists to focus on their art and project without having to worry about money to pay for the government. A big amount of the art and architecture that was produced in Florence at the beginning of the Renaissance was to the Medici with there help it made it whole lot easier.

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• Before the Renaissance, medicine in Europe was largely built with theories, they didn’t held evidence and they wasn’t sure what they were working on due to the research so the medicine wouldn’t really work or just made it into a treat that spreaded around the country, but with the Renaissance research and data they revolutionized the medical industry by improving it. Physicians developed better cures, built upon observation rather than archaic theory. Adding a solid proved data into each medicine that is created in the Renaissance period.  

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• There were a certain amount of politics changes throughout the Renaissance period. After the collapse of the Roman Empire around 500 AD the only blend force remaining was the Roman Catholic Church. Outside war declined and the rulers began to follow their power and concentrate on self preservation. The thinking that politics governments should need to have the skill of science and math rather more than religion and christian stuff this system and usage is still used nowadays in the modern society.

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• The Italian Renaissance had placed human beings once more in the center of life's stage and filled with thought and art with humanistic values. In time the stimulating ideas current in Italy spread to other areas and combined with indigenous developments to produce a French Renaissance, an English Renaissance, and so on. The term Renaissance, means "rebirth" and is the period in European civilization immediately following the Middle Ages,

1. Ancient Greece and Rome

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   • Ancient Greece and Rome was very important for the Renaissance since they brought back the old art from them because the term Renaissance means is "Rebirth" or "Reawakening" What caused the Renaissance, the corruption of Catholic church, the Greece and Rome brought ideas that the Catholic never had. The reason I put them because they played a big role on them with Art and ideas for the Renaissance.

1. Petrarch

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   • Petrarch, was an Italian scholar and poet in Renaissance Italy, and one of the early humanists. His humanist philosophy added the stage for the Renaissance, and he is also considered one of the fathers of the modern Italian language. Petrarch had influenced the Renaissance period in lots of aspects. His belief is focusing on his own actions, and decision rather than God.
2. Shakespeare

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   • William Shakespeare was an English poet, playwright, and actor, with his great skills of English writing. He is often called England's national poet, and the (Bard of Avon)His plays have been changed into every major living language and are showed more often than those of any other playwright.