Dementia!......

Description & Why is it an NHPA?
1. describe over 100 conditions that are characterised by progressive and irreversible loss of brain function
2. Interferes with normal behaviour and affects memory, language, speech attention and personality.
3. can lead to dependency & death
4. common forms are Alzheimer disease, vascular dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies and frontotemporal demensia
5. It is an NHPA b/c it is the fourth largest contributor overall and rates are increasing as the population rises.
Costs
1. Direct
  1. Individual
    1. diagnosis and management
    2. medication
  2. Community
    1. Medicare/PBS/PHI
    2. Health programs
    3. other members pay for treatment
2. Indirect
  1. Individual
    1. employ others
    2. carers
    3. residential care
  2. Community
    1. informal assistance - may have to be carer
    2. lost productivity
    3. gov funding for residential care
3. Intangible
  1. Individual
    1. range of emotions when first diagnosed
    2. can't participate in community events
  2. Community
    1. sadness if individual no longer remembers who they are
    2. death = grieve
Determinants
1. Biological
  1. Age
    1. increase in age is greatest risk factor. Rates increase for over 65.
  2. Sex
    1. lewy bodies more common in males
  3. Genetic Predisposition
    1. family history is increase rate
  4. Down Syndrome
    1. appear at a greater risk
  5. Blood Pressure
    1. hypertension increases dementia risk
  6. Body Weight
    1. obesity is risk factor for Alzeihmers
2. Behavioural
  1. Tobacco Use
    1. impaired blood flow and increases vascular dementia rates
  2. Inactivity
    1. sedentary lifestyles contributes to the deterioration of blood vessels. Increase vascular dimentia
  3. Lack of Mental Stimulation
    1. not using their mind actively may experience an increased rate of dementia
  4. Alcohol Consumption
    1. contributes to specific types
    2. Alcohol dementia is one caused by excessive alcohol being consumed over a period of time
  5. Food Intake
    1. high Sat. fat diet is increase risk
    2. high blood cholesterol is also a link
3. Physical Environment
  1. Environmental Tobacco Smoke
    1. exposure increase CVD by clogging blood vessels and increasing risk
  2. Access to recreational facilities
    1. lack exercise may be overweight
    2. increase CVD and dementia
  3. Transport Systems
    1. non promoting active transport increase CVD and dementia
    2. Access can decrease risk and promote social interactions
  4. Quality of Air
    1. exposing individuals to smoke, chemicals and other hazardous substances
  5. Work Environment
    1. an environment not facilitating physical activity may increase vascular dementia
4. Social
  1. Level of Education
    1. lower levels of education may be at a higher risk because they aren’t using their mind as much
  2. Social Exclusion
    1. less socially active people may experience an increased rate of dementia.
Health Promotion
1. Know the signs of dementia
  1. provides educational posters and brochures about the symptoms of dementia
2. Living in the Memory Loss Program
  1. people in the early stages of dementia and their families go to a program with information, advice and peer support to get through the tough times present and in the future

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Dementia!......

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	Created by mikaela.farrugia about 10 years ago