697922
How successful a minister was
Peter Stolypin 1906-1911?
- Land (Agriarian) Reforms
- Only provided
a limited
amount of
change
- Only around 10% left the Mir and turned into
farms (minority) meaning strip farming was still
widely used. ( other figures say that 1/4 left during this period?)
- Some peasants applied to return to the Mir after 19107
- Some peasants applied to return to the Mir after 19107
- More stable food supply
- Record harvest 1913 of 70 million tonnes
- Death rates began to fall
due to the cooperatiive
farming methods
- Record harvest 1913 of 70 million tonnes
- Independent
peasants were
able to gain
land due to
borrowing from
the land bank
which they
hadn't been
able to
previously.
- First time the
peasantry had
been able to
develop
entrepreneurship
- First time the
peasantry had
been able to
develop
entrepreneurship
- Encouraged
more strong, stable &
conservative class
(Kulak Class)
- New farming techniques
were encouraged with
previously been held back
by the Mir. Helping advance
the most backwards
proportion of society.
- Believed that the Mir retarded growth
- People who left the Mir faced
isolation e.g. the burning down of
homes and children being bullied in
schools.
- Believed that the Mir retarded growth
- New farming techniques
were encouraged with
previously been held back
by the Mir. Helping advance
the most backwards
proportion of society.
- By 1914 the
Ministry of
Agriculture had
lost faith in the
idea = limited
longevity.
- Outstanding repayments were cancelled by
Stolypin which was reassuring to the
peasantry who were worried about the
repercussions of failing to keep up with the
disproportional payments
- 80% of the
population were
peasants and had
not been effected by
reforms since
emancipation in 1961
- The redistribution of people across the
country helped with easing the burden
on overpopulated land
- 5,000,000 people moved to Siberia
- He utilized the recent railway developments
- 1 in 6 returned
- He utilized the recent railway developments
- 5,000,000 people moved to Siberia
- Russian agricultural production
increased by 1% a year however the
population grew at a faster rate
- 160 million peasants purchasing power increased by 15%
- Only provided
a limited
amount of
change
- Relationship with Duma
- Duma was never really a threat to the
Tsars authority.
- Allowed the preservation of the autocracy
- Prevented an advancement on
the democratic system
- Allowed the preservation of the autocracy
- Stolypin was able to pass
all of his reforms through
the 3rd Duma
- Came into conflict with
the 2nd Duma when he
came into his position in
Feb 1907
- They did not
see his
reforms as
radical enough
- For example they
felt that land
should be
compltley
redistributed.
- For example they
felt that land
should be
compltley
redistributed.
- CAUSED A STALEMATE SITUATION
- They did not
see his
reforms as
radical enough
- He was responsible for
dismissing the second Duma as it
did not allow him to get the
reforms he desired passed.
- Used article 87 to pass laws
1907 which completely
bypasses the democratic
process
- Used article 87 to pass laws
1907 which completely
bypasses the democratic
process
- Changes were implemented to the
Duma (Which went against the initial
promises Nic II
- Enfranchisement was narrowed
- Enfranchisement was narrowed
- The Kadets &
Trudoviks accused
him of breaking the
constitution hence
became hated
figure amongst the
left wing groups.
- Duma was never really a threat to the
Tsars authority.
- Use of repression
- Worked in a way as
there no effective
organised opposition
against the regime
during this period
- Dscontent
was crushed
and
ringleaders in
rural areas
were silenced
- Country
was run by
Martial
Law
- Peasant revolts fell considerably
from 3000 in 1905 to 128/ in
1913
- Was only able to
pass the more
repressive
reforms as he
changed the
regulations of the
Duma (Other
groups would not
have allowed)
- Full power was
granted to the
Okhrana to hunt
down the 1905
revolutionary groups.
- The number of people
given the death
sentence increased to
1741 in the second
year of Stolypin being
in position.
- However it could be said that that
was a deterrent and prevented
more left wing opposition taking
place = was in control?
- Number of terrorist
victims decreased
from 1907 (1231 to
394) 1908
- However it could be said that that
was a deterrent and prevented
more left wing opposition taking
place = was in control?
- Swift justice was
implemented by field court
marshall's.
- Army & Okhrana
were effective
repression
methods
- Many were
victims of
Stolypins "Neck
Ties"
- Gallows
(Hung) or
Shot
- Gallows
(Hung) or
Shot
- Worked in a way as
there no effective
organised opposition
against the regime
during this period
- Reforms
- More stable food supply
- Post his assassination
in 1911, many of the
policies were stalled
- Opposition
groups
focused
mainly on
constitutional
reforms.
- After 1911 (Post Stolypin)
Stability was fragile, and
more economic change was
desired. Hence a new wave
of strike action. Shown by
the Lena Goldfields
incident.
- In a remote area
of Siberia 6,000 miners
demanded better
working pay,
shorter hours &
safer working
conditions.
- Was rejected by
the company and
troops were
brought in 250
miners killed by
troops.
- Was rejected by
the company and
troops were
brought in 250
miners killed by
troops.
- In a remote area
of Siberia 6,000 miners
demanded better
working pay,
shorter hours &
safer working
conditions.
- Fundiamental problems were not addressed
- At its peak 579,409
households became
independent (At it's peak) IN
TOTAL THERE WERE
AROUND 2,000,000
- New strategy which
did not take large
amounts of taxation
from them without
anything in return.
Profits made from the
economic
developments were
set to boost the
economy.
- Profits put back into ...
- Railway development
- More agrarian developments
- Steelworks
- Railway development
- Profits put back into ...
- Bought out peasants could help increase the urban workforce.
- More stable food supply
- COLOR CODE
- Blue = Negative
- Pink= Positive
- Blue = Negative
- Characteristics/ General
- Strong
- Resourceful
- Intelligent
- Not
particularly
popular
- There are suggestions that he
managed to strengthen in the
short term however did not
offer long term solutions for the
problems. (As proved in the
events after the war)
- Nicholas started to
dislike Stolypin at the
end of his reign as he
had worries about how
reformist they were
(suspicious over
motives)
- Suggestions about
asasination being
linked to Tsar
- Suggestions about
asasination being
linked to Tsar
- Very capable minister, if the Tsar
had believed in him and previous
finance minister Witte they could
have helped to preserve the
autocracy
- Overall unable to preserve the autocracy
- Overall unable to preserve the autocracy
- If given more time there may have
been more success from the
policies. (The 20 years described
by Stolypin for the full effects to be
seen. However it never got this full
amount of time = limitation which
limited its success not due to any of
Stolypin's efforts.
- Was only allowed 8 years
- Was only allowed 8 years
- Ideas could be described as
forward thinking as he saw how
increasing peasant productivity
would increase export hence fuel
the economy, where others had
failed to recognize that fatctor.
- Previously the
governor of
Saratov Provence=
loyal to Tsar and
wanted to reinstate
the Tsarist regime.
- Strong
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