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Civil Rights Movement Methods
- Freedom Rides, 1961
- Organised by CORE (who were also
non-violent protesters), not MLK
- Although the Supreme Court ruled the desegregation of interstate buses in 1960, the
riders wanted to show the difference between law and reality. They rode on the bus from
Washington DC to the South, where there was the most racial hatred
- This meant they wanted to prove that although the law
meant they could ride freely on interstate buses, people
would still oppose them and abuse them for doing this
- This meant they wanted to prove that although the law
meant they could ride freely on interstate buses, people
would still oppose them and abuse them for doing this
- They were attacked by KKK members and other white extremists
who slashed the tyres and beat up the passengers
- They were attacked in the bus terminals and
waiting rooms, which weren't desegregated
- Organised by CORE (who were also
non-violent protesters), not MLK
- Freedom Marches
- The March on Washington, 1963, where MLK made his 'I Have A Dream' Speech
- Organised by MLK
- MLK was very organised: the Washington March had toilet facilities, 80, 000
packed lunches, doctors and nurses and first-aid stations. He wanted to provoke
white extremists without violence, because then when they attacked the peaceful
marchers and their children, they would look bad to others and the media
- Many marchers set off from
all over USA to get to
Washington DC, and the
march was very effective in
bringing civil rights issues to
the US public's attention
- The March on Washington, 1963, where MLK made his 'I Have A Dream' Speech
- Black Power Protest at the Olympics, 1968
- This was a BP stunt, not MLK's
- The Black Americans who came in first and
third place in a race (Smith and Carlos) wore
Black Power armbands and black socks and
did the Black Power fist salute
- The white Australian who came
second (Peter Norman) also supported them and wore
black armbands and socks
- His coffin was carried
by Smith and Carlos at
his funeral in 2006
- His coffin was carried
by Smith and Carlos at
his funeral in 2006
- They were stripped
of their medals and
disqualified
- America was embarrassed that they did this,
they brought politics into the world of sport
and shamed them in front of the whole world
- This was a BP stunt, not MLK's
- Non-violent, peaceful protests
- These included silent protests, sit-ins etc...
- Organised by MLK
- This meant that the white extremists who
attacked the activists looked like the
aggressors and the bad guys
- The activists had to be trained to resist abuse that whites may have given them
- These included silent protests, sit-ins etc...
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