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Movement

Description

AQA IGCSE Biology (EOY exams yr 8) Mind Map on Movement, created by Emma Boxley on 10/05/2013.
Emma Boxley
Mind Map by Emma Boxley, updated more than 1 year ago
Emma Boxley
Created by Emma Boxley about 12 years ago
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Resource summary

Movement
  1. Skeleton
    1. It is there for:
      1. Support
        1. Protection
          1. Movement
            1. Protection of vital organs
              1. Structure of the body
              2. Bones are shaped like tubes
                1. The middle is filled with marrow
              3. Joints
                1. Bones are attached to other bones via ligaments (slightly elastic)
                  1. A smooth layer of cartilage prevents the wears of surfaces in contact
                    1. Shock Absorbant
                    2. A small amount of liquid (synovial fluid) reduces friction
                      1. Types
                        1. Hinge
                          1. knee, wrist, elbow
                          2. Ball + socket
                            1. Shoulder, Hip
                            2. Partly movable
                              1. vertebrae in your spine
                                1. Can only move slightly
                                2. Fixed
                                  1. Skull
                                    1. No movement whatsoever
                                3. Muscles
                                  1. Muscles can only contract
                                    1. This makes them get shorter
                                    2. They have antagonistic pairs
                                      1. e.g one muscle relaxes, the other contracts
                                        1. Examples
                                          1. Biceps and Triceps
                                            1. Bending the arm
                                              1. Biceps contracts
                                                1. Triceps relaxes
                                                2. Straightening the arm
                                                  1. Triceps contracts
                                                    1. Biceps relaxes
                                                    2. Holding the arm rigid
                                                      1. Both Biceps and Triceps contracts
                                                3. Muscles are attached to the bone by non-elastic tendons
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