This was the major development in land warfare
in the 2nd half of the 20th C. It showed that
smaller forces with fewer resources could inflict
defeat on superpowers such as the USA and the
SU by using the hit and run tactics.
VIETNAM
Key Features
Vietcong mainly used guerrilla tactics to fight the war in the South
because of the strength of the US resources and equipment. The
Vietcong fighters were expected to be courteous and respectful to
the villagers to win the support of peasants. The aim of the tactics
was to wear down enemy soldiers and wreck their morale. This was
very effective, as the US soldiers lived in constant fear of ambushes
and booby traps.
Why Successful
Support from the peasants in
Vietnam. Many of the Vietcong
were recruited from the local
villages.
The Vietcong had
knowledge and
understanding of the
jungles of South Vietnam
The inexperience of the US troops.
The USA had no experience of
knowledge of guerrilla/jungle
warfare carried out by the Vietcong.
AFGHANISTAN
Key Features
SU invaded Afghan in Dec 1979. The Soviet army of
occupation of 100,000 faced opposition from a
Muslim fundamentalist organisation known as the
mujahideen. They defeated one of the superpowers
by using guerrilla tactics. The guerrillas concentrated
on both civilian and military targets.
Why Successful
The Mujahideen were recruited
from and supported by the local
population many of whom hated
the Soviet invaders.
They used hit-and-run
tactics, attacking Soviet
troops and supply lines.