Henry VIII: Authority, Nation & Religion-Key Names

John Foxe (1516-87)
1. English martyrologist and Protestant, forced into exile during the reign of Mary I
2. Most famous for his 'Book of Martyrs', which details a history of English Protestant martyrs from the 14th Century to his own day
3. Eager to portray a pre-reformation Catholic Church riddled with corruption and ready to collapse
Thomas Howard-Duke of Norfolk (1443-1524)
1. Fought against Henry VII at Bosworth and imprisoned for three years
  1. Released in 1489 and given a chance to prove his loyalty to the new regime
2. A fine soldier, his finest hour was possibly his crushing victory over James IV at Flodden in 1513.
3. Never saw eye-to-eye with Wolsey
Cardinal Campeggio
1. Made Cardinal in 1517 and Papel legate to England in 1518
  1. Became Bishop of Salisbury and Archbishop of Bologna in 1524
2. Role in the Legatine Court at Blackfriars that aimed to resolve Henry's Great Matter
  1. European politics dictated that Campeggio was in no position to decree on the divorce
3. He adjourned the court in July 1529 for the long, hot Italian summer, despite the location being England
  1. The failure of the court marked the end of the road for Wolsey and the beginnings of the break with Rome
Martin Luther
1. Leading German reformer and the most prominent religious figure in the early reformation
2. Strongly disputed the claim that freedom from God's punishment for sin could be purchased with money
3. Wrote the 95 Theses in 1517
4. Believed selling of indulgences was wrong and implied the Church was corrupt
William Tyndale
1. Most active and outspoken Lutheran in England
2. Led a vicious attack on the standards of the clergy
3. Endorsed Luther's ideas on salvation
4. Forced to flee England to the continent where he met Luther personally and began work on an accurate translation of the Bible into English
  1. His translation of the New Testament was published in 1525
    1. His most important contribution to the reformation in England
5. In 1538 Henry and Cromwell authorised the circulation of the English Bible across every Parish.
6. Burned as a heretic in Antwerp in 1536
George Cavendish
1. Wolsey's household servant and first biographer
2. Wrote 'Life and Death of Cardinal Wolsey' 30 years after Wolsey's death
  1. We should expect Cavendish's account to be trustworthy because of the proximity of a gentleman usher to his master
3. Did not enter Wolsey's household until 7 years after his was named Lord Chancellor
4. Was not involved with Wolsey's political side only his personal side. Therefore he cannot tell us much about Wolsey's policy making
5. Sheds light on the Great Matter and is sympathic to his master's cause
6. Was with Wolsey up to his death in 1530, so offers a personal insight into the Cardinal's final year.
Polydore Vergil
1. Italian Humanist who was in the court of Henry VII in 1502 to act as deputy collector of the Peter's Pence
  1. Gained a reputation as a fine scholar and was commissioned to write the history of England.
    1. Anglia Historia was published in 1535.
      1. The second edition covers Wolsey's career.
2. Vergil had an on-going feud with Wolsey.
  1. He felt slightly aggrieved by the new King's patronage of other Italian Humanists at court.
3. Did little to enhance Wolsey's hopes of attaining a Cardinal's hat through his rude letters back to Rome.
  1. Wolsey condemned Vergil to a spell in the Tower in 1515
    1. Inevitable he would not write kindly of Wolsey in his Anglia Historia
Bishop John Fisher (1469-1535)
1. Supporter of the Papacy and Catherine of Aragon
2. Denied outright the idea of Royal Supremacy over the Church
3. Condemned to death under the new Treason Act in June 1535 but was beheaded instead

Next up

Henry VIII: Authority, Nation & Religion-Key Names

Description

Resource summary

Similar

	Created by Danni_E almost 10 years ago