91854
Description
Mind Map by sarah.denise, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by sarah.denise
over 11 years ago
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Cardiovascular drugs
- Drugs that alter
contraction forces
(inotropes)
- Glycosides
- They cause intracellular calcium
to build up to make a more
forceful contraction. They have a
narrow safety margin and high
doses can cause fatal
arrhythmias! FOXGLOVE
PLANT. E.g. Digoxin
- They cause intracellular calcium
to build up to make a more
forceful contraction. They have a
narrow safety margin and high
doses can cause fatal
arrhythmias! FOXGLOVE
PLANT. E.g. Digoxin
- Calcium
sensitizers
- They enhance the affinity of myocardial
troponin C to existing intracellular calcium.
They also act as a vasodilator! E.g. Vetmedin
- They enhance the affinity of myocardial
troponin C to existing intracellular calcium.
They also act as a vasodilator! E.g. Vetmedin
- Xanthine
derivatives
- They are caffeine derivatives and produce a
mild positive inotropic effect. They also stimulate
the heart rate!
- They are caffeine derivatives and produce a
mild positive inotropic effect. They also stimulate
the heart rate!
- Glycosides
- Drugs that alter heart rate (chronotropes)
- Xanthine
derivatives
- Because of their caffeine-like
effects they cause a mild increase of
the heart rate (positive chronotrope)
- Because of their caffeine-like
effects they cause a mild increase of
the heart rate (positive chronotrope)
- Beta blockers
- This is a negative chronotrope and works
by antagonising the beta adrenergic
receptors of the heart and prevent it from
becoming too fast in a sympathetic
stimulation. They have potent hypotensive
effects in surgery, diuretics and CCB's.
They increase bradycardia with Digoxin
and an overdose would lead to blood
pressure collapse!
- This is a negative chronotrope and works
by antagonising the beta adrenergic
receptors of the heart and prevent it from
becoming too fast in a sympathetic
stimulation. They have potent hypotensive
effects in surgery, diuretics and CCB's.
They increase bradycardia with Digoxin
and an overdose would lead to blood
pressure collapse!
- Glycosides
- Acts on the nerve cells of the
heart causing a decrease in the
heart rate (negative
chronotrope)
- Acts on the nerve cells of the
heart causing a decrease in the
heart rate (negative
chronotrope)
- Calcium
channel
blockers
- Inhibit the uptake of calcium in three cells: 1. Heart
muscle cells - causing a mild negative inotropic
effect 2. Vascular smooth muscle - mild vasodilation
3. Heart nerve cells - mild negative chronotropic
effect
- Inhibit the uptake of calcium in three cells: 1. Heart
muscle cells - causing a mild negative inotropic
effect 2. Vascular smooth muscle - mild vasodilation
3. Heart nerve cells - mild negative chronotropic
effect
- Xanthine
derivatives
- Drugs that alter peripheral circulation
- ACE Inhibitors
- They block Angiotensin Converting
Enzyme = vasodilation = decrease in
BP so Angiotensin I cannot convert to
Angiotensin II. E.g. Fortekor
- They block Angiotensin Converting
Enzyme = vasodilation = decrease in
BP so Angiotensin I cannot convert to
Angiotensin II. E.g. Fortekor
- Diuretics
- A loop diuretic - Inhibits sodium reabsorption in the ascending Loop
of Henle. This produces a more dilute urine and reduces oedema
and resp. distress. Hypokalaemia is a potential side effect - it
replaces extra Na that returns into circulation but spirondactones
are K absorbers so they work well together.
- A loop diuretic - Inhibits sodium reabsorption in the ascending Loop
of Henle. This produces a more dilute urine and reduces oedema
and resp. distress. Hypokalaemia is a potential side effect - it
replaces extra Na that returns into circulation but spirondactones
are K absorbers so they work well together.
- Vasodilators
- Absorbed through the
skin causing
vasodilation. They cause
a marked decrease in
BP in emergency CHF
- Absorbed through the
skin causing
vasodilation. They cause
a marked decrease in
BP in emergency CHF
- ACE Inhibitors
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