Yr9 RS - Sikhism | Mind Map

Yr9 RS - Sikhism

Ten Gurus
1. 1st Master: GURU NANAK (1469 - 1539)
  1. Importance of Guru Nanak
2. 2nd Master: GURU ANGAD (1504 - 1552)
3. 3rd Master: GURU AMAR DAS (1479 - 1574)
4. 4th Master: GURU RAM DAS (1534 - 1581)
5. 6th Master: GURU HARGOBIND (1595 - 1644)
6. 5th Master: GURU ARJAN (1563 - 1606)
7. 7th Master: GURU HAR RAI (1630 - 1661)
8. 8th Master: GURU HARKRISHAN (1656 - 1664)
9. 9th Master: GURU TEGH BAHADUR (1621 - 1675)
10. 10th Master: GURU GOBIND SINGH (1666 - 1708)
Guru Granth Sahib
1. truly unique among world's great scriptures
2. considered the Supreme Spiritual Authority and Head of the Sikh religion, rather than any living person
3. contains the works of its own religious founders as well as writings of people from other faiths
4. the living Guru of the Sikhs, the book is held in great admiration, loyalty and awe by Sikhs and treated with the utmost respect
5. Sikhism rejects idol worship, so the Guru Granth Sahib is not worshipped as an idol, but rather emphasis is placed on respect of the book for the writing which appear within
6. collection of devotional hymns and poetry which proclaims God, lays stress on meditation on the True Guru (God), and lays down moral and ethnic rules f or development of the soul, spiritual salvation and unity with God
7. successor of 10th master guru - Guru Gobind Singh
8. collection of teachings and writings by Guru Nanak and other Gurus as well as Sikh, Hinndu and Muslim saints
9. scriptures are written in Punjabi and are greatly respected by all Sikhs as the living word of God
10. holy book is kept on a raised platform under a canopy in the place of worship
11. Sikhs take off their shoes in the presence of the holy scriptures and also never turn their back on them
12. At every festival, they are read continuously from beginning to end, which takes about 48 hours
Gurdwara
1. Place of worship where Sikhs come to congregational worship; Punjabi word literally meaning 'the residence of the Guru', or 'the door that leads to the Guru'
2. 1st Gurdwara build was by Guru Nanak is 1521-22 at Kartarpur
3. Any book with the Guru Granth Sahib is a Gurdwara because it is in the presence of the book that the building gains its religious status
4. Before the time of Guru Arjan (5th master), the place of Sikh activities was called Dharamsala, which means place of faith
5. Purpose
  1. place to learn spiritual wisdom
  2. place for religious ceremonies
  3. place where children learn the Sikh faith, ethnics, customs, traditions and texts
  4. community centre offering food, shelter and companionship to those who need it
6. Inside a Gurdwara
  1. no idols, statues, or religious pictures because Sikhs worship God who they believe to have no physical form; no candles, incense, bells or ritualistic devices
  2. Focus of attention = Guru Granth Sahib in main hall/Darbar Sahib
  3. Guru Granth Sahib is kept in a room of its own during the night and carried in procession to the main hall at the start of the day's worship. Placed on a raised platform (Takht TAKHT/MANJI SAHIB = throne) under a canopy (Chanani or Palki), and covered with an expensive cloth when not being read. During a service, a person with a whisk or fan called a Chaur waves it over the Guru Granth Sahib. Sikhs show reverence to the Guru Granth Sahib, but their reverence is to its spiritual content (shabad) not the book itself; the book is just the visible manifestation of the shabad.
  4. The Four Doors
    1. There's always a light on in a Gurdwara, to show that the Guru's Light is always visible and is accessible to everyone at any time.
    2. Doors = symbols that people from all four points of the compass are welcome + members of all four castes are equally welcome
  5. LANGAR = free food kitchen
    1. where food is served to anyone free of charge
    2. term also used for the communal meal served at Gurdwaras
    3. food served must be simple (to prevent wealthy congregations turning food into feast and showing superiority) and vegetarian (ensures every visitor can eat in langar to meet all dietary requirements even though Sikhs can eat meat)
    4. meal may include chapati, dal (pulses), veg and rice pudding. Fish and eggs counted as meat so not served
7. Visiting the Gurdwara
  1. In India, usually go before work. In UK, usually go on Sundays as it fits work pattern (no official holy day). Most Sikhs go on Gurpurbs, a festival honouring Gurus
  2. Before entering the Gurdwara, you must remove your shoes and cover your head. It is forbidden to smoke or take tobacco on the premises and you are not allowed to enter when under the influence of drugs/alcohol
  3. When entering the Gurdwara, Sikhs bow to the Guru Granth Sahib as the first thing they do, touching the floor with their forehead; this shows respect and also indicates their submission to the truths contained in the book. People also place an offering of food or money in front of the Guru Granth Sahib which is used to run the Gurdwara and the langar.; the offering is not charity but a sharing of God's gifts. IHowever, if a person has no money or food to offer they may offer flowers, or just some words of sincere thanks. After bowing, a Sikh will greet the congregation. Non-Sikh visitors should also bow and make an offering.
  4. Everyone sits on the floor in a Gurdwara; this is to be humble before the Guru Granth Sahib + because it gives everyone a place of equal status to sit. Most sit cross-legged. Cushions and seats are not allowed. No-one should sit with their feet pointing at the Guru Granth Sahib. Anyone who walks round the Guru Granth Sahib or the Gurdwara must do so in a clockwise direction. Men and women generally sit on separate sides of the hall.
  5. Towards the end of a service karah prasad, a sweet vegetarian food that has been blessed, will be served. This should be taken and received in cupped hands as a gift of God.
8. Typical service
  1. Sikhs do not have ordained priests and any Sikh can lead the prayers and recite the scriptures to the congregation.Each Gurdwara has a Granthi who organises the daily services and reads from the Guru Granth Sahib. A Granthi is not a priest but is the reader/custodian of the Adi Granth. A Granthi must be fluent in reading Gurmukhi and must be properly trained in all aspects of looking after the Guru Granth Sahib. They are expected to be an initiated member of the Sikh Khalsa who lives a life that exemplifies the ideals of the Khalsa. Sikhs don't have a general official liturgy that must be used in a Gurdwara, although there are rules for particular ceremonies.
  2. 1. KIRTAN = the singing of hymns during Sikh worship. Morning services begin with singing Asa Di Var, hymn written by Guru Nanak
  3. 2. SERMON = talk, usually based on Sikh history. Followed by singing Anand Sahib, hymn written by Guru Amar Das
  4. 3. ARDAS = congregational prayer with eyes closed facing Guru Granth Sahib. Word Waheguru (Punjabi for 'praise to the Guru') is often repeated
  5. 4. HUKAM = After prayer, the Guru Granth Sahib is opened at a random page and the hymn found at the top of the left-hand page (Vak or Hukam) is read. The text is considered to be a relevant lesson for the day.
  6. 5. The ceremonial food = After service, food is offered to congregation. Consists of Parshad and a more substantial meal in the Langar. Parshad is a sweet made from equal quantities of wheat flour, sugar, and clarified butter. First five portions given to Khalsa members in memory of the Panj Pyares (the first five members of the Khalsa). After, parshad is served to everyone without distinctions of rank or caste.
Khalsa
1. KHALSA = pure
2. Sikhs who have undergone the sacred Amrit Ceremoninitiated by the 10th Sikh Guru, Guru Gobind Singh.
  1. initiated by Guru Gobind Singh (10th Master) on Balsakhi Day (March 30 1699) who baptized 5 Sikhs and asked them in turn asked the 5 Khalsa's to baptize him. After, the Guru personally baptized thousands of men and women into the Khalsa order.
3. Khalsa baptism ceremony is undertaken as part of ones own personal spiritual evolution once the Sikh is ready to fully live up to the high expectations of the Guru Gobind Singh
  1. ceremony involves drinking Amrit (sugar water stirred with a dagger) in the presence of 5 Khalsas and the Guru Granth Sahib.
  2. Sikh instructed: 1 - You shall never remove any hair from any part of thy body; 2 - You shall not use tobacco, alcohol or other intoxicants; 3 - You shall not eat the meat of an animal slaughtered the Muslim way; 4 - You shall not commit adultery. Also, the Sikh is required to wear the physical symbols of a Khalsa at all times as well as follow the Khalsa Code of Conduct
4. All Sikhs expected to be Khalsa or working towards this objective
5. Spiritual Evolution
  1. Stage 1: MANMUKH = A person who is self-centered and only thinks about himself and the material world around him and is totally oblivious to God.
  2. Stage 2: SIKH = Anyone who sets out on the path of learning and meets the specific definition of a Sikh as appears in the Rehat Maryada (Official Code of Conduct).
  3. Stage 3: KHALSA = Total dedication to Sikhism. One who has has shed his ego and personality and truly honours the memory of Guru Gobind Singh through his actions and deeds.
  4. Stage 4: GURMUKH = One who has achieved mukhti (salvation) and is totally God-centered.
6. Physical Artifacts of Faith/Five Ks
  1. KESH = uncut hair; symbol of spirituality; reminds a Khalsa to behave like the Gurus; mark of dedication and group consciousness, showing a Khalsa's acceptance of God's will
  2. KARA = steel bracelet; symbol to remind the wearer of restraint in their actions and remembrance of God at all times
  3. KANGA = wooden comb; symbol of hygiene and discipline as opposed to the matted unkept hair of ascetics; a Khalsa is expected to regularly wash and comb their hair as a matter of self discipline
  4. KACCHA = cotton underwear; symbol signifying self control and chastity
  5. KIRPAN = steel sword; symbol of dignity and the Sikh struggle against injustice. It is worn purely as a religious symbol and not as a weapon
7. 7.Every male should add 'Singh' after his name and every female Khalsa should add 'Kaur' after her name + they must never remove hair from any part of their bodies; 8.Drugs, smoking and alcohol are strictly forbidden for Sikhs; 9.Khalsa men and women will not make holes in their ears or nose and shall have no connection whatsoever with those who kill their daughters + Sikh women will not wear a veil; 10.Sikh must live on honest labour and give generously to the poor and the needy thinking all the time that whatever he gives is given to the Guru. 11.Sikh must never steal or gamble; 12.Except for the kacha and the turban there is no restrictions on the dress of a Khalsa, but a Khalsa's dress should be simple and modest; 13.Khalsa meets another Khalsa he will greet him by saying, Waheguru Ji Ka Khalsa, Waheguru Ji Ki Fateh (The Khalsa belong to God, Victory belongs to God).
8. 1.Sikh will worship only God + Sikh will not set up any idols, gods, goddesses or statues for worship nor shall they worship any human being; 2.Sikh will believe in no other religious book other than the Holy Guru Granth Sahib, but can study other religious books for acquiring knowledge and for comparative study; 3.Sikh will not believe in castes, untouchability, magic, omens, amulets, astrology, appeasement rituals, ceremonial hair cutting, fasts, frontal masks, sacred thread, graves and traditional death rites; 4.Khalsa will remain distinct by wearing the Five K's but shall not injure the feelings of others professing different religions; 5.Khalsa will pray to God before starting any work. This will be over and above his usual prayers; 6.Although a Sikh may learn as many languages as he likes, he must learn Punjabi and teach his children to learn to read it;
Beliefs about God
1. Believe God is everywhere
Worshipping at Home
Ceremonies & Celebrating Festivals

Next up

Yr9 RS - Sikhism

Description

Resource summary

Similar

	Created by T Mason almost 11 years ago