Sarajevo - created from Mind Map

Page 1

Smog

Seige

Climate

Future

Industrial Areas

Topography

Urban Design

Industrialisation/ Development

Anthropocene

Air Quality Index

Components

Risks

Causes

Effects

Future ways to change

Temperature Inversion Layer

decreases with height

PM2.5

Ozone

Nitrogen Dioxide

sulphur dioxide

polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PSHs)

PM10

very small liquid and solid particles floating in the air

Causes

highest amounts

wood burning stoves and fireplaces

poor quality coal

industrial sources

old cars

meteorological parameters

increase in temperature, increase of PM10

increase in wind speed, decrease of PM10

winters - stagnant cold air over city

January, February and December.

permitted concentration according to the WHO is 25

temperature −5°C to +10°C,

relative air humidity 70% to 90%

air pressure 940 to 950 hPa

wind speed 0 to 4 m/s.

24 January 2016 720 µ/m3 of PM10

794

A recent study predicted that air pollution will kill more than 6.5 million people a year worldwide by 2050 - twice the current number.

The premature deaths are due to two key pollutants - fine particulates known as PM2.5s - and the toxic gas nitrogen dioxide, both produced by diesel cars, lorries and buses.

Cars

burning wood, coal & waste material

Traffic

Old.. no money to buy new

Lack of natural gas and its cost

more than 130 000 cars every day,

reduced lung capacity

Sustainable Energy

Converting Polluted to clean

heating ground /air

forced wind rain snow

Daan Roosegaarde

City Air Purification System, by Arup and Sino Green

Cladding -Titanium Dioxide - Phoenix Towers, by Chetwoods Architects

hot air would rise up and take the pollutants with it

would dissolve or carry away the particles

cities situated in natural valleys

Increased thermal stratification during the winter

Calculated between 150-250 m (2016)

April 1992 to February 1996

longest siege of a capital city in the history of modern warfare

11,000 deaths

Winds

humid continental climate

four seasons

uniformly spread precipitation

European Youth Olympic Festival in 2019

N 43°50′41.0″ E 18°19′50.1″

Hidrometeoroloska stanica Bjelave

Volkswagen Vogošča Plant

eastern end of a flat alluvial valley

mountainous terrain to north and south

linear orientation along Miljacka River

Ten kilometres from the Bašcˇaršija to Ilidzˇa

Ottoman

Austro Hungarian

Socialist

Segregation between Residential and Commercial

Living around their own place of worship

Mahalas Spread onto slopes

Narrow streets

wooden shops

neo-classical architecture

plazas & public parks

central electricity grid, sewerage, rail and tramway systems, bank reorganisation works along Miljacka River

‘pseudo- Moorish’ style City Hall

brewery

Urban Planning

High Rise Accommodation

Olympics

most prosperous- 16 cen - tax free status

brewery

Landslides

Flood

Smog

Causes

Deforestation