Difference - created from Mind Map

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Plurality

Citizenship in democracy built on idea all members polity equal

Iris Marion Young

Group difference

Oppresion

Privilege

Epistemic Injustice

Difference is a universal fact

So there is tension between fact of difference and ideal of equality

Conceiving equality as sameness benefits some and not others

Might not value full inclusion

Enforces homogenous notion of what citizen should be

Difference= devance from norm of citizenship

idea of citizenship must be differentiated

Prioritise plurality of individuals

Differences isn't deviance from norm, it is the norm

Groups may change over time

May identify group whole life, or as get older

Can be part more than one

Democratic societies are group differentiated as well as indivudlaly differentiated

Problem of group differentiation=people cannot overcome differences to focus on common good

Some groups privileged, others oppressed

CONTIGENT- about tendencies

Exploitation

Marginalization

Powerlessness

Cultural Imperialism

Violence

Behave as if right to speak and be heard

Maintaining priv requires ignorance of experience of oppressed groups

Opp and prov ameliorated by recognition of difference

Priv groups maintain ignorance in order sustain systematic oppression

May benefit from oppression

Active Ignorance

Subversive Lucidity

Arrogance

Laziness

Close Mindedness

Is morally blameworthy

Presumption know all there is to know

Cultivated from privilege of being assumed to know

Lack effort find out how diffs may impact on peoples' experiences

Cultivated not needing to know

Lack cog openness to importance dif experiences

Cultivated needing not to know to preserve priv

Humility

Curiosity

Open mindedness

Self questioning beliefs

Experience having knowledge questioned

Motivated fill in cog gaps

Needing to survive

Entertain more than one perspective- see beyond standpoint own group

Cultivated need to see reality through others eyes