WWII - History

Timeline  1939 Canada declares war on Germany and Japan  1940 Germany invades France. NRMA gives federal government total control over Canadian economy.  1941 Germany invades USSR. Japan bombs Pearl Harbor; USA declares war on Germany and Japan.  1942 Canadians defeated at Dieppe. Japanese - Canadians sent to internment camps. Canadians vote in favor of conscription. Allies begin to win the Battle of the Atlantic.  1943 Canadian troops join in invasion of Sicily and Italian mainland. Battle of Ortona (One of Canada's greatest victories)  1944 June 6th - D-Day. Canadian troops participate in allied invasion of France.  1945 Canadian troops liberate Netherlands from Germany Military control. Germany surrenders in May. Japan surrenders in August after attacks on  Hiroshima and Nagasaki. 

Key Terms Treaty of Versailles  Reparations  Nazi Party  Fascism  Propaganda  Holocaust  Democracies  Pacifist  Refugees  Appeasement  Non-Aggression Pact  War Measures Act  British Commonwealth Air Training Program  National Resources Mobilization Act Total War  Axis  Allies  Dieppe Raid  Royal Canadian Navy  Battle of the Atlantic  Convoys  corvettes Royal Canadian Air Force Battle of Ortona  D-Day  Holocaust  Atomic Bomb  Rosie the RIveter  Rationing  Propaganda  War Correspondents  Family Allowance  Conscription  Internment Camps  Repatriation  Arsenal of Democracy   

CANADA IN 1939In 1939 before the war Canada was a happier place. Things were looking up after the Depression and Canada's economy was expanding. We were visited by the reigning monarch for the first time. There were many exciting things going on for Canada at this time. 

WAR ON THE HORIZON Germans had grown increasingly unhappy with the Treaty of Versailles since the end of World War I. Especially with the War Guilt Clause which made them pay reparations. By creating the money to do this, their economy weakened. To control this inflation, Britain, France and the United States agreed to decrease the reparations and lent the German government some money. But when the global stock market crashed, Germany's already weakened economy was destroyed. By the early 1930's the people of Germany were suffering from crushing poverty. Over 6 million workers were unemployed. Over 6 million workers were unemployed. The German people lost confidence in their government and were desperate to follow anyone who offered a solution to their problems. 

 THE RISE OF HITLER  He had started gaining power since 1923 by criticizing the Treaty and the German government. March 1933, Hitler and the Nazis had won control of the German Parliament. Abolished all other political parties and became fascist. Became the Fuhrer. Not all Germans supported him but if they opposed him openly they would be severely punished. Used propaganda and military to maintain control. Once in power  Nazi Party stopped making reparations and expanded its armed forces. The German economy began to improve. Nazis began rounding up and imprisoning all political opponents. Attacked anyone who criticized them. The Nazis were deeply racist. Aryan race. Jews, Gypsies, Slavs, homosexuals and mentally challenged were considered inferior. Nazis persecuted all these groups. Jews took most of the blame. Ended in the Holocaust. 

CANADA'S REACTION  no western country protested when hitler defied treaty  agreed they had been harsh  pacifists - didnt want another war PM King went to meet hitler once and said he had no war-like intentions 

THE WAR IN EUROPE AND AFRICA 

AXIS - JAPAN GERMANY ITALY ALLIES - BRITAIN FRANCE CANADA USA

WWII  Began: September 3rd, 1939.  Ended: August 15th, 1945 Canada joined: September 10th 1939

Allies: Stalin (Russia) Roosevelt (USA)  Churchill (England)  King (Canada)

Axis:Hirohito (Japan) Mussolini (Italy) Hitler (Germany) 

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