Flashcards
8/23 proteins
Flashcards do conjunto (20)
- 1What refers to the normal complement and amount of different proteins within a cell (ultimate measure of gene expression)?the proteome
- 2Which is larger, the proteome or genome?proteome, genes can code for more than one protein
- 3Most cytosolic proteins are synthesized on what?'free' ribosomes (not attached to ER)
- 4Most proteins destined for secretion, plasma membrane incorporation, or lysosomes are translated in _______ and are transferred to _____Translated in rough ER, and transferred to Golgi apparatus
- 5How are proteins translocated across the membrane of the ER? (2 ways)Co-translational: translocation happens at the same time as peptide synthesis by ribosomes attached to the ER
post-translational: protein is synthesized in the cytosol and then transferred to ER - 6Many proteins contain ______ which specify where the protein needs to goN-terminal targeting sequences
- 7Function of Signal Recognition Particles (SRPs)Binds to a translating RNA strand and transfers it to the rough ER
- 8In order to perform its intrinsic function, a protein must be able to do what?fold properly
- 9Protein folding is easy or difficult in a celldifficult- the cell is a crowded environment
- 10A stably folded protein is at its....minimal energy state
- 11T/F: all of the information needed for proper protein folding is contained in the primary sequence (AA sequence)True
- 12Four levels to protein structure1) Primary (AA sequence)
2) Secondary (a helix or B sheet)
3) Tertiary (polypeptide chain with a helix and B sheets)
4) quaternary (multiple sub units) - 13Function of Beta Bendsspecialized sequence to form compact globular protein. They allow change of direction to get a folded structure
- 14When is misfolding of proteins a problem?if aggregation (buildup of misfolded chains) occurs before degredation (the breaking up of misfolded chains)
- 15What does the term Amyloid describe'sticky' aggregates of proteins that have become folded into the wrong shape, allowing many copies of that protein to stick together
- 16What do amyloids do?Form fibrils and disrupt normal function of nearby cells and tissues (ex Alzheimers)
- 17Function of chaperones and chaperonin proteinsassist in the correct folding of proteins and prevent misfolded proteins from becoming a problem
- 18Differnece between chaperones and chaperonin?Chaperones help segments fold, chaperonins fold whole proteins (big structures)
- 19How does selective degradation of proteins work?Proteins intended for degradation marked by ubiquitin proteins, proteasomes recognize ubiquitin and degrade the tagged protein.
- 20Autophagy is a pathway for cells to dispose of what 3 things?1) protein aggregates
2) worn out organelles
3) virus particles
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- Genetics FlashCards sobre 8/23 proteins, criado por Christianna Ziccardi em 30-08-2017.
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- Christianna Ziccardi
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