Flashcards
The reigns of Edward VI and Mary: Key Words
Flashcards do conjunto (5)
- 1Martin LutherLuther led the protest movement in Germany that started what we know as the Reformation. He criticised the practices of the Catholic Church and argued for some changes in religious belief.
- 2John CalvinProtestant reformer who developed more extreme ideas than Luther, in particular about some being predestined by God to be saved. Calvin also moved further away from the Catholic view of the Eucharist than Luther had done. The bread and wine were symbols but spirit of Christ was still present. Followers in Scotland were Presbyterians.
- 3Counter reformationAn offensive against Protestantism, taken by the Catholic Church centred on Rome. Started with the Council of Trent which first met in 1545. Catholic doctrines were restated in order to provide clear arguments against Protestant doctrines. Jesuits and the Inquisition were trained to convert people back to Catholicism.
- 4Metrical psalmsPsalms translated into English poetry and set to hymn tunes.
- 5Book of ratesAll goods leaving the country were taxed and the income passed to the Crown as part of ordinary revenues. The Book of Rates (1558) set out the level of tax on a wide range of products but had not been updated since the beginning of Henry VIII's reign. Updating rates was to treble Crown income from custom duties but provoked hostility from the merchant community because the cloth market had just collapsed.