Flashcards
Medical History. People of Relevance
Flashcards do conjunto (28)
- 1HippocratesAncient Greek physician
Came up with the theory of the Four Humours
Observed all the symptoms of his patients and recorded them - 2GalenAncient Rome Physician
Developed Theory of the Four Humours to include Theory of Opposites
Followed in Medieval - 3Thomas SyndenhamDidn't rely on medical books when diagnosing but observed symptoms and then treated disease
Didn't think nature of person affected illness
Laid foundation for more scientific diagnosis - 4Royal SocietyFounded in 1660, and given Royal Charter by King Charles II
Platform to share work/theories, which madde it possoble to study other people's research - 5Andreas VesaliusCarried out disections on human bodies so found Galen's mistakes. (On the Fabric of the Human Body)
Encouraged Doctors not to rely on old books but to carry out their own disections.
Laid Foundation for studying anatomy - 6William HarveyProved artery and viens are connected in one system, and how the circulation works
Encouraged experiments on real bodies - 7Louis Pasteurcame up with Germ Theory
Correct method of how disease was spread but had limited impact when he was alive - 8John TyndallDiscovered that there were small organic particles in the air and linked the germ theory to the infection of wounds
He was not believed - 9Robert KochDifferent germs cause many common diseases
Created method to identify disease-causing microbes (still used)
Father of bacteriology - 10Florence NightingaleMade Nursing into a respectable job with high levels of training
Changed the way hospital were designed so they could be cleaned easily and so disease couldn't spread (pavillion style) - 11James SimpsonDiscovered that chloroform was a good anethstetic so dealt with the problem of pain
- 12Joseph ListerMicrobes in air cause wine to go bad, microbes could cause flesh to rot
Discovered carbolic acid which led to antiseptic then aseptic surgery - 13Edward JennerCreated the first vaccination which was a breakthrough in prevention.
Dealt with the problem of small pox - 14Government and smallpoxGoverment funded and set up society to promote vaccination.
Later made vaccination compulsory - 15Public Health Act 1875Before this they were laissez-faire attitude
Meant to clean up cities but wasn't compulsory so didn't do much - 16Public Health Act 1875It was compulsory, city authorities had to follow it so had bigger impact
Better city conditions led to prevention of disease. No more cholera (last in 1867) - 17John SnowDiscovered that cholera was transmitted by water infected by cholera-infected feaces.
Led to new sewer system in London - 18James Watson Francis CrickDiscovered that DNA was in a doubke Helix
Understanding shape meant we could look at structure & discover cause of heriditary disease - 19Human Genome ProjectLaunched in 1990.
Scientists all across the world decoded and mapped the human genome.
Could now see cause of H diseases - 20Alexander FlemingDiscovered the first antibiotic (penicillin).
Breakthrough in how we treat disease.
Threatened now by AB resistant bacteria - 21NHS 1948universal healthcare for all
Free at the point of service but paid for in taxes
Increased access to medical help - 22Florey & ChainDiscovered penicillin could fight infection (Fleming only discovered it).
Brought in to America and had it mass-produced - 23James BlundellDid first experiments with human blood transfusions in WW1.
Discovered method to give blood to soldiers in battle - 24FANYFirst Female volunteers
Britain wouldn't let them help so they helped Belgiums until Britain accepted them
Drove ambulances ect. - 25RAMCRoyal Army Medical Corps
Branch of Army dedicated to medical care - 26Thomas SplintA splint that stopped the limb from moving which stopped patient dying from shock when being moved to hospital.
Created before the war but Jones introduced it to medics in 1916 - 27Harold GilliesPlastic surgeon that devised ways to replace and restore parts of the face that had been destroyed
- 28Harvey CushingNew techniques for Brain Surgeory on Western Front.
Had 71% success rate compared to normal 50%.
Informações
- Descrição
- These are cue cards on the major people or institutions in the GCSE Edexcel History, in Medicine Through Time.
- Criado por
- Niamh Connole
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- 42
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