Flashcards
Research Methods keywords
Flashcards do conjunto (32)
- 1Leading QuestionA question which encourages respondents to give a particular answer
- 2Imposition problemWhen researchers unintentionally impose their own views or framework on the people being researched ( and don't really get at what respondents think)
- 3Overt roleThe participants are aware they are being observed
- 4Covert roleThe observer does not tell the participants the true nature of their presence. The participants are not aware they are being observed
- 5PositivismAn approach which attempts to explain behavior in terms of cause and effect relationships
- 6HypothesisA statement that can be tested about the relationship between two or more variables
- 7VariablesFactors which effect behaviour e.g. poverty can lead some people to commit crime
- 8Hawthorne effectChanges in the behaviour of participants resulting from an awareness that they are taking part in an experiment
- 9CodingClassifying answers into various categories
- 10Interviewer biasThe effect that the interviewer has on the respondent's answers
- 11EthnographyThe study of a way of life of a group of people. Consists mainly of observations
- 12Interview scheduleA list of questions asked in the interview
- 13Behaviour scheduleA checklist of behaviours which are notes on the schedule as they occur
- 14Comparative studiesStudies which make comparisons between different societies and groups within the same society e.g. Durkheim
- 15TriangulationCombining different research methods and different types of data in order to check the validity and reliability of findings
- 16Methodological PluralismCombining different research methods and different kinds of data in order to build up a fuller picture of society
- 17Social FactsThings that exist externally to the individual but can influence their behaviour e.g. religion
- 18VerstehenRefers to understanding the meaning of action from the actor's point of view. Verstehen is entering into the shoes of the other, and adopting this research stance requires treating the actor as the subject, rather than an object of your observations
- 19Victim surveyA questionnaire that asks people if they have been a victim of crime , usually within the last 12 months
- 20ValidityData is valid if it presents a true and accurate description/picture. For example, data gained from observation of a group of football hooligans is only valid if it provides an accurate picture of that particular group
- 21ReliabilityData is reliable when different researchers using the same methods obtain the same results. Reproducible. For example, data gained from lab experiment is only reliable if researchers have replicated it and consistent results have been found. Reliable data may not be valid and vise versa.
- 22RepresentativenessA sample is representative when what is typical of the sample is typical of the population from which it is drawn
- 23GeneralisabilityIs it possible to apply the findings of sociological research to the rest of the population..?
- 24ObjectivityPositivists believe that sociology should be objective ( non-biased). The researcher does not get involved with people taking part in the research and therefore doesn't affect the way they behave
- 25Pilot studyA small scale version of the 'real thing'. An initial study designed to identify any problems with the main study. It is tested on a relatively small number of people who share the same characteristics as the main sample
- 26OperationaliseAll researchers have to operationalise concepts. This means to define something so it can be measured or counted. If you wanted to research class and educational achievement, you would have to define by what you meant by class and also educational achievement i.e. 5 GCSEs , C or above
- 27Sampling frameThe list of people from which the sample is drawn
- 28Target populationA specified selection of society that you wish to study
- 29Sampling unitA member of the research population
- 30Sample attritionThe reduction in size of a sample during a longitudinal study
- 31Response rateThe % of the sample that participates in the research
- 32InterpretivismAn approach which focuses on the meanings and definitions that guide behaviour
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- A level Sociology FlashCards sobre Research Methods keywords, criado por Iona Davis em 10-12-2018.
- Criado por
- Iona Davis
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