Flashcards
Connective Tissue - Structure
Flashcards do conjunto (35)
- 1Describe the structure of connective tissueCT is composed of cells which are scattered over a matrix
- 2What composes the matrix?1. Large component of the matrix consists of a ground substance usually a fluid but can be a mineralised solid such as bone
2. The matrix is criss-crossed by protein fibres - 3What about the composition of different CT give rise to their different functions?Each type of CT contains varying amounts of cells, ground substance and fibres which gives rise to their different functions
- 4What is the ground substance made up of?The interstitial (tissue) fluid
- 5What is the interstitial fluid?The Interstitial fluid can be one more of the following molecules
1. Hyaluronic Acid
2. Proteoglycans
3. Adhesive Molecules - 6What is Hyaluronic AcidA polysaccharide which is very slippery and serves as a good lubricant for joins.
(Common in most CT) - 7what are proteoglycansThis is a protein and polysaccharide complex
- 8What are Adhesive molecules?These hold proteoglycan aggregates together.
- 9Give examples of adhesive molecules involved with cartilage, bone and fibrous connective tissue-Chondronectin in Cartilage
- Osteonectin in bone
-Fibronectin in fibrous CT - 10What is the function of the ground substanceThe Ground substance functions as a molecular sieve through which nutrients diffuse between blood capillaries and cells.
- 11Ground substance varies depending on type of CT, describe the ground substance involved with blood and the ground substance involved with boneBlood - ground substance is watery
Bone - ground substance is a hardened matrix - 12Name the different types of protein fibres1. Collagen fibres
2. Elastic fibres
3. Reticular fibres - 13What are collagen fibresThese are fibres composed of the protein collagen,
- 14Describe the physical properties of collagen fibresThey are strong, flexible and inelastic.
They have great tensile strength(Resist stretch) - 15What type of CT are collagen fibres perfect for?Tendons and Ligaments
- 16What is the importance of collagen fibres?Collagen fibres hold connective tissue together
- 17Where can collagen fibres be found?almost everywhere that there is connective tissue
- 18How is collagen used to distinguish one type of CT from another?The amount of collagen and how it's arranged is mainly what distinguishes one type of CT from another
- 19What are Elastic fibres?Elastic fibres contain molecules of protein elastin.
- 20Describe the physical properties of Elastic fibresElastic fibre can return to it's original shape after stretching or compression
- 21What type of CT are elastic fibres perfect for?The lungs and large blood vessels
- 22What are reticular fibres?These are similar to collagen fibres but are narrower and more branched
- 23What do reticular fibres from?They form branching networks call stroma.
- 24Where can Reticular fibres be found?They are found throughout the body but in the liver and spleen especially.
- 25What do Reticular fibres do?They fill spaces between tissues and organs
- 26Name the two categories of cells which can be found embedded in the extracellular matrix making up the CT1. Fixed - remain in one place
2. Mobile - Move from place to place - 27What is the importance of fixed cells? (3)1. They are responsible for local maintenance
2. Tissue repair
3. Energy storage - 28What is the importance of mobile cells?They are mainly responsible for defence as they can move to any site when needed.
- 29Cells can be categorised further than fixed and mobile, name these categories1. Blast connective tissue cell
2. Clast connective tissue cell
3. Cells which don't fit into the above category and end in -cyte - 30What do blast CT cells indicate?These cells indicate growing/secreting cells
- 31What do Clast CT cells indicate?These cells indicate cells which are actively breaking down the matrix
- 32What is the function of Fibroblasts?They move throughout the CT secreting polysaccharides and proteins(e.g. collagen) to form the ground substance with embedded protein fibres.
- 33What is the function of Macrophages?These cells develop white blood cells.
Surround and engulf material by phagocytosis - 34What is the function Mast cells?found alongside blood vessels that supply CT. They produce histamine (a chemical which dilates blood vessels)
- 35What is the function of Adipocytes?referred to as "Fat cells" they store triglycerides
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- A level Human Physiology (Tissues) FlashCards sobre Connective Tissue - Structure, criado por daley bardini em 13-02-2021.
- Criado por
- daley bardini
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