Flashcards
Proteins Functions & Uses
Flashcards do conjunto (21)
- 1What are proteins made of? And name 4 examples?Long chains of the special chemicals amino acids, different proteins will be made of different combinations of the amino acids.
Structural protein/tissue e.g. Muscle
Hormones
Anti Bodies
Enzymes (biological catalyst) - 2What do enzymes do?Speed up reactions in the body
- 3What does enzymes have to fit with to work properly?The molecule which we call the substrate.
- 4What is the gap/shape in the enzyme where the substrate is meant to go called?The active site
- 5Why is it so important that the substrate can fit into the enzyme?So that it can react
- 6What do enzymes do to the molecules?Build up or break them down
- 7What happens when the enzyme reaches its optimum temperature and when it passes it?At its optimum temperature the enzymes will work at its fastest/best. Once it starts to pass the optimum temperature then the enzyme will start to denature and wil no longer fit the substrate
- 8Name two things that affect enzymes?The temperature and pH
- 9What pH do the enzymes in your stomach work best at?Acidic 1-6
- 10What pH do the enzymes In your small intestine work best at?Alkalie 8-14
- 11What is starch broken down into? Using what enzyme?Broken down using amylase enzyme into sugar
- 12What is protein broken down into and using what enzyme?Protease enzyme breaks it down into amino acids
- 13What is lipids broken down into using what enzyme as well?It's broken down into fatty acids + glycerol using the enzyme lipase
- 14What digestion does the mouth do?Coverts starch into sugars using amylase enzymes
- 15What digestion does the stomach do? And what does it produce?Converts protein into amino acids using the enzyme protease. Acids, and those enzymes^^.
- 16What enzymes does the pancreas produce?Amylase, protease and lipase. Does not digest, just sends enzymes to the small intestine
- 17What enzymes does the small intestine produce and do?Starch converts into sugar using amylase enzyme. Protein breaks down into amino acids using protease enzyme. Lipids breaks down into fatty acids and glycerol using lipase enzyme
- 18What substance does the liver produce? And why? What ph is it?Bile (Alkalie) to neutralise the acidic substances that come from the stomach
- 19Give examples of what enzymes are used in homes and what in and why?Biological detergents (washing powder) which use the enzymes protease to digest the protein (food) stains and lipase to break down any fat or oil based stains
- 20Give example of enzymes that are used in industry's and why?To protease is found in protein to break down protein (food) for baby's. Starch is broken down to make sugar syrup for sweetness in food by using the carbohydrase enzyme. Also glucose syrup is converted into fructose syrup to make it more sweeter by using the isomerase enzyme. Used in slimming foods
- 21Give advantages and disadvantages of using enzymes?Advantages - React at low temperature and pressures hence less energy is used so it's cheaper and environmental. Also can be reused.
Disadvantages - costs a lot to produce the enzyme and also will denature at too high of a temperature
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- GCSE Biology FlashCards sobre Proteins Functions & Uses, criado por Chantelle Knight em 30-05-2016.
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- Chantelle Knight
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