Flashcards
Maintaining a Balance: Section 1
Flashcards do conjunto (17)
- 1What is the role of enzymes?The role of enzymes is to speed up chemical reactions within the body. Without enzymes, chemical reactions would not occur at a fast enough rate
- 2Chemicals that act together with enzymes are called what?Co-enzymes
- 3pH is a way of describing what?The acidity of a substance
- 4Why is the maintenance of a constant internal environment important for optimal metabolic efficiency?The maintenance of a constant internal environment is important as at any values below or above optimum conditions, enzyme activity and therefor the rate of metabolic reactions will decrease and in extreme conditions, denature
- 5Define homeostasisHomeostasis is the maintenance of a constant and relatively stable internal environment
- 6What are the two stages of homeostasis?1- Detecting changes from the stable state
2- Counteracting changes from the stable state - 7What is a feedback mechanism?When the response alters the stimulus
- 8What is a positive feedback mechanism and what is a negative feedback mechanism?Positive feedback mechanism: When the response increases the effect of the stimulus
Negative feedback mechanism: When the response decreases the effect of the stimulus - 9What are behavioural adaptations that humans use to respond to hot conditions?- Vasodilation (Increase blood flow through vessel)
- Sweat glands release sweat (Water in sweat evaporates, taking heat from the body)
- Hair on skin lies flat (Air flows close to the skin removing heat by convection currents) - 10What are behavioural adaptations that human use to respond to cold conditions?- Vasoconstriction (Keeps blood in the inner core rather than near the skins surface, reducing heat loss)
- Shivering
- Hairs on skin stand up (Air is trapped between hairs) - 11What is an ectotherm? Name 5 ectotherm organisms.An ectotherm is an organism who's internal body temperatures rely on ambient temperature.
Their internal body temperatures increase and decrease with ambient temperature changes.
(Fish, inter vertebrates, plants, amphibians, reptiles) - 12What is an endotherm? Name 2 endotherm organisms.An endotherm is an organism who can maintain its internal environments. Endotherms generate heat from their bodies metabolism.
(Mammals, Birds) - 13What are Australian organism examples of an ectotherm and an endothermEctotherm- Blue Tongue Lizard
Endotherm- Red Kangaroo - 14What are adaptations/responses that the ectotherm organism, Blue Tongue Lizard, uses to cope with an increase and decrease in external environment temperatures?Blue Tongue Lizard:
Too Hot- Seeks shelter, rises its body
Too Cold- Uncurls its tail, basks in sun - 15What are adaptations/responses that the endotherm organism, Red Kangaroo, uses to cope with an increase and decrease in external environment temperatures?Red Kangaroo:
Too Hot- Seeks shelter, Licks paws, Vasodilation
Too Cold- Hops more, Basks in sun, Vasoconstriction, Hairs stand up - 16What are 6 responses of plants to temperature changes?1- Transpiration
2- Leaves hanging vertically
3- Shiny leaves
4- Die back
5- Seed dispersal
6- Thick waxy cuticle - 17List 3 Australian plants and there adaptations to temperature changes1- Banksia: Under sided leaf is white, Thick waxy cutical
2- Casuarina: Thin leaves
3- Eucalyptus: Leaves hang vertically, Thick waxy cutical
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- Year 12 Biology FlashCards sobre Maintaining a Balance: Section 1, criado por Deanna Stannard em 10-08-2016.
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- Deanna Stannard
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