Flashcards
Sociology
Flashcards do conjunto (36)
- 1ValidityWhether the findings accuratley reflect the reality they are describing
- 2ReliabilityWhether the findings can be checked by another research and would they achieve the same result
- 3Quantitative dateThe numerical data
- 4Qualitative dataDescriptive, in the form of words rather than numbers
- 5ExperimentsThese take place in controlled conditions and try to establish a relationship between 2 or more variables, that is, factors that can be changed.
- 6Laboratory experimentsThe researcher is able to control most aspects of the research
- 7Field experimentsThes take place in the real world and get real results on humans
- 8The Hawthorn EffectThis is when people change their behaviour because they know they are being watched for an experiment
- 9Ethical considerationsInformed consent, right to withdraw, confidentiality...
- 10Social surveysThese are questionnaires which is a long list of questions (more reliable but less valid
- 11Closed QuestionsNumber of fixed choice questions (e.g yes or no answerer)
- 12Open questionsParticipants can answer in the way they want to
- 13Pilot studyWhen the research does a mini-test to make sure there are no defaults in the real test
- 14PopulationThe number of people participating in the experiment
- 15Sampling frameA list of everyone in the population
- 16SampleThis is a group of people who take part in the experiment. These people are taking from the sampling frame
- 17Random SamplingWhen everyone in the sampling frame has an equal chance of being chosen
- 18Stratified SamplingWhen the sampling frame is divided and at random people are taken out from both (or more) sides
- 19Systematic SamplingRegular pattern e.g. every 10th person
- 20Cluster samplingWhen the population is spread over a large area
- 21Quota SamplingWhen researcher has to look for specific characteristics e.g. GCSE students
- 22Snowball SamplingFinding one respondent to then get more respondents linked to the other one
- 23Structured InterviewQuestionnaires with most closed questions
- 24Unstructured InterviewsQuestions where the respondents can answer freely with their opinion
- 25Interviewer BiasWhere the interviewer will get the respondent to change their answer by using body language and other things
- 26Focus GroupWhen a group of people are allowed discuss something together, as the researcher makes notes
- 27Full non-participant observationThe researcher is completely separated from his group
- 28Full ParticipantThe researcher becomes a member of the group
- 29Fully covertThe group are unaware that a research is being applied
- 30Fully overtWhen the researcher tells the participants who he/she is and what they are doing
- 31Primary dataData that is collected first-hand
- 32Secondary dataData that has been already collected by other researchers
- 33Personal documentsDiaries, autobiography,novels...
- 34Longitudinal studiesStudies that take part over a long period of time (10 years)
- 35Comparative studiesStudies that look at the similarities and differences in socity between two groups or more
- 36TriangulationFinding ways to check the validity of experiments
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- Sociology FlashCards sobre Sociology, criado por shea7connell em 27-03-2014.
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- shea7connell
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