Flashcards
kant
Flashcards do conjunto (10)
- 1Kant's Ethical theoryReason
Good Will
Duty
=
Moral Principles - 2Good will = the only thing within our control and so only the will can excercise good and pure reasonDuty = What makes the will good. Duty must be done even of you or others do not benefit from it, the GOOD WILL chooses DUTY for duty's sake
- 3Hypothetical Imperative = not moral commands to the will, as they do not apply to everyone You only need to apply them if you want to achieve a certain goal - always start with 'if'Categorical Imperative = moral commands - they tell everyone what to do and do not depend on anything else - they're based on pure practical reason and are objective a priori
- 41) Act only according to that maxim whereby at the same time will that it should become a universal law2) So act as to treat humanity, whether in your own person or in that of any other, never solely as a means but always as an end
- 53) Act as if a legislating member in the universal kingdom of ends4) Any action that ignores the individual dignity of a human being to achieve its end is wrong
- 6summum bonum = Highest good - can only be achieved in life after death - morality leads to GodStrengths of Kant's theory of ethics:
Kant's morality is very straight forward and based on reason - clear criteria
It aims to treat everyone fairly and justly so corrects the utilitarian assumptions - 7Weaknesses of Kant's theory of ethics: Kant's theory is abstract and not easily applied to moral situations - it tells you what types of actions are right but not what to do in situationsKant's emphasis on duty implies that an action is moral if one has done ones duty. Kant's theory severs morality from everyday life and human feelings and emotion
- 8Many people consider that the result of an action is an important part of making a decision and would feel guilty if their action hurt anyoneKant's system only seems to work if everyone has the same idea about the final purpose of humans - it depends on some notion of God to rationalise the order of the world
- 9W. D. Ross - Made changes to Kant's theory - Prima Facie Duties should be used to out way compelling duties e.g. you shall not murder except in self defenceRoss shows that there are possible exceptions to any rule and these exceptions depend on the situation in which i do my duty, the possible consequences of doing duty and the personal relationships involved
- 10Problems with Ross: How do we know what a pf duty is? How do we know which one is right when there is conflict between them?Key words:
Universalisability
The categorical imp
Hypothetical imp
Duty and Good Will
Kingdom of ends
Maxim
Summum bonus
Informações
- Descrição
- A Levels Ethics FlashCards sobre kant , criado por marianne_suddard em 11-05-2014.
- Criado por
- marianne_suddard
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