Flashcards
Chapter 1
Flashcards do conjunto (36)
- 1Systemthe part of the universe under study
- 2Surroundingsthe universe outside of the system
- 3Boundaryinterface between the system and surroundings
- 4Open Systemenergy and matter transfers
- 5Closed Systemonly energy can be transferred
- 6Isolated Systemmatter nor energy can be transferred
- 7Extensive Propertiesdepends on the amount of substance in the system
Ex: volume # moles, mass, internal energy, enthalpy, entropy - 8Intensive Propertiesindependent of the amount of substance in the system
Ex: pressure, temperature, molar volume - 9All Molar Quantities are?Intensive properties
Ex: V_m, p_m - 10Ideal Gas Law Equation of State:pV=nRT
p = pressure
V = volume
n = moles
R = gas constant
T = temperature - 11SI unit of pressure1 Pa
Pascals - 12Standard Pressure (p^0)1 bar
- 13Mechanical Equilibriumstate of rest between two opposing forces
- 14p = F/Apressure is force per unit area
- 15Temperatureproperty of a system that determines if in thermal equilibrium with other systems or surroundings
- 16Diathermalheat transfers, but not matter
- 17Adiabaticno heat or matter transfer
- 18Zeroth Law of ThermodynamicsIf system A and B are individually in thermal equilibrium with C then A and B are in equilibrium with each other
- 19Centigrade ScaleF.P = 0
B.P = 100
Hg Thermometer - 20Celsius ScaleTriple Point = 0.01 C
B.P = 99.975 C
Hg Thermometer - 21Thermodynamic Scale / Absolute Scaleis the Kelvin Scale
has a point of zero at 273.15 K
(always at that point independent of gas used in thermometer) - 22STPStandard Pressure and Temperature:
273.15 K 1 bar
0 C - 23STAPStandard Ambient Temperature and Pressure:
298.15 K 1 atm
25 C - 24Boyle's LawAt constant Temperature:
volume and pressure act inversely proportional
(V increases, p decreases) - 25Isothermalno change in temperature over time
- 26Charles LawAt a constant Pressure:
the volume is proportional to the absolute temperature
(measured from point 0 of Kelvin) - 27Isobaricpressure remains constant over time
- 28Isochoricvolume remains constant over time
- 29Avogadro's Principleequal volumes (molar volume) of gases at the same pressure and temperature have the same # of moles
Vm = 22.414 L/mol
1 atm 273.15 K - 30Kinetic Theory of Gases: Ideal Gas Law Assumptions:- atoms do not interact with one another
- atoms are treated as point masses (do not occupy space, no mass, no properties) - 31Why are ideal gases better at/as monoatomic, high temperature and low pressureMonoatomic: smaller intermolecular forces if single atoms
High Temperature: low temp has more kinetic energy
Low Pressure: less collisions, more area - 32Ideal Gas Behavior occurs when pressure is:low, and approaches zero
- 33Relationship of R and k (Boltzmann Constant) - The Equation:R = k*N_A
- 34Ideal Gas Equation with k (Boltzmann Constant):
- 35Dalton's LawPartial Pressures:
The total pressure of ideal gases can be expressed as the sum of pressures of each component - 36Partial Pressure Equation
Informações
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- Flashcards on Chapter 1, created by Amy Lazure on 12/04/2018.
- Criado por
- Amy Lazure
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