Flashcards
biomolecules
Flashcards do conjunto (38)
- 1ribosepentose carbohydrate
- 2deoxyribosea pentose carbohydrate missing an oxygen group on the second carbon
- 3glyceraldehydethree carbon saccharide -
- 4a-mannosehas two 2,3 OH gorup up strand - OH on 1st and 4th carbon is downward; hexose sugar
- 5a galactosetwo OH groups of 3 & four are up ward. 1,2 are pointing downwards; hexose sugar
- 6sucroseis a 1,2 alpha glycosidic linkage between fructose and alpha D glucose. -- oxygen glycosidic linkeage is pointingdownwards
- 7maltoseis a 1,4 alpha g;lycosidic linkeage between alpha and beta glucose.
- 8glucose structurealpha - has theoxygen pointing down alongwith 2,4th carbon OH 3rd OH group is pointing upwards. ,
beta - has the firt OH group pointing upwards and the third one aswell, pointing downwards will be the second and the 4th OH groups. - 9starchstorage of glucose in plants , composed of 1,4 glycosidic linkeages of A branched. glucose
- 10glycogenstorage glucose in animals it is very branched
- 11cellulosestable :structural components; beta glycosidic linkeages 1,4
- 12cellobiosedisaccharide composed of two beta gluecose molecules - obtained by partial hydrolysis of cellulose - it is a reducing sugar ; sometimes used to as indicator for intestinal permeability in chrons disease.
- 13linear branched and highly branched macromolecular structur of polysaccharidescellulose, starch, glycogen
- 14blood groupsare oligosacharides ; may include otehr chains; O A B & AB
- 15oligo saccharidea carbohydrate whose molecules are composed of a relatively small number of monosaccharide units.
- 16Opentasaccharide attached to terminal galactose
- 17AN aceyl galactosamine- attached to galactose
- 18Bextragalactose
- 19ABhas an acetyl to galactosamine to the galactor along with an exxtra galactose
- 20sugar phosphatescarbohydrates that can be modified an added functional groups to this case t is when a phosphate group is added to a carbohydrate - example fructose 1,6 bisphosphate
- 21fructose 1,6 bisphosphatePART glycolysis metabolic pathway and is produced by phosphorylation of fructose 6-phosphate. It is, in turn, broken down into two compounds: glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate.
- 22amino sugarsamine is added to the sugar group
- 23chitinfibrous substance consisting of polysaccharides, which is the major constituent in the exoskeleton of arthropods and the cell walls of fungi.
- 24lipids usageenergy storage as fats and oil; phospholipids - structure of cell membrane carotenoids and chlorophylls- steroids and modified fatty acids - hormones and vitamins -- water repulsion, lipid nerve coating and animal fat insulation. -- non polar hydrocarbon - technically non convalently bonded therefore.- not really polymers as it is london forces that hold them together.
- 25glycerol3 OH groups - alcohols attache to carbons with respective hydrogen atoms - CH2OH - CHOH- CH2OH
- 26triglyceridemade up of three fatty acids and a glycero -- where they link it is called an ester linkeage c-o-c
- 27saturated fatty acida fatty acid that consists of no doube bonds
- 28unsaturated fatty acidsfatty acids that consist of com double bonds ; mono and poly- have kinks
- 29palmitic acidsaturad fatty acid - oil in fruit or in palm oil cab also ve in meats cheese butter and dairy products.
- 30linoleic acidunsaturated fatty acid - functions in maintaining the epidermal water barrier of the skin. for normal human growth and developmen
- 31fatty acidnon polar - polar carboxyl group - amphipathic opposingchemical properties (C+H2)- COOH - carboxyl ionizaion coo- hydrophilic other end hydrophobo.
- 32animals fattend to be saturated packed together tightly and is solid at room temperature
- 33oilunsaturated which means there are kinks packing - liquid at ropom temperature
- 34what are better saturated or unsaturated fats??Saturated fats raise levels of both total blood cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein, or “bad” cholesterol:worst type of dietary fat is the kind known as trans fat.Unlike saturated fats, unsaturated fats do not raise blood cholesterol or low-density lipoprotein levels.
- 35amphipaticmenaingit it has both hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts
- 36phospholipidsglycerol with two fatty acids and one phosphate group - hydrophilic. - amphipatic
- 37sphingolipidsclass of compounds which are fatty acid derivatives of sphingosine and occur chiefly in the cell membranes of the brain and nervous tissue
- 38phosphoglycerideGlycerophospholipids or phosphoglycerides are glycerol-based phospholipids. They are the main component of biological membranes.
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- 1 BS12002 FlashCards sobre biomolecules, criado por Beatriz Mendoza em 25-04-2018.
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- Beatriz Mendoza
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