Sexuality

Sexuality

1. moral Panics & sexuality

   • homosexuals subjected to moral panics in 1980's when the media blamed gay men fr spread of aids "gay plague"
   • 1990's saw a moral panic surrounding teens who were deemed to be sexually promiscuous in order to secure benefits and a council house

2. Batchelor - gays aren't generally intergrated with mainstream media representations. Rather when it would appear e.g. in tv drama, it was represented mainly as a source of anxiety/embarressment, or as a target for teasing/bullying

   • changing as many character on tv who are gay have no emphasis on their sexuality ie Ste Hollyoaks

3. Gross - SYMBOLIC ANNIHILATION - media rarely portray gay and lesbian characters and if do they seen as very sterioypical

   • Elen show - sexuality not portrayed

4. GREEN - gay were 5x more likely to be shown negativily + gay life more likely to appear in entertainment programmes that factual ie he news

   • when gay charac appear usually in terms of their sexual orientation rather than just charac who are gay

5. Representations of homosexuals:

   • Craig - suggests homosexual characters are portrayed in the media, e.g. in popular drama, they are often stereotyped as having particular amusing or negative psychological and social characteristics:
     • Camp - One of the most widely used representations. Shows trivial characters, often theatrical and OTT. Reinforces idea gay sexuality is a hybrid of male and female characteristics.
       • EG Ryland A03 Brendon Hollyoaks
     • Deviant - Gay men are often shown as evil/devious in TV dramas and often are shown feeling guilty about their sexuality.
       • EG Jason on DOI AO3 Elen who gives back to people
     • Gays in the news and coverage of AIDS - Critics argue news ignores + distorts the lives led by gays and lesbians. Homosexuality often presented as unnatural + the media have printed homophobic comments. Links have often been made to gays and the spread of AIDS.
       • EG Prince, Freddie Murcury AO3 Charley Sheen coming out as HIV positive = hetrosexual = stigma away

6. Gauntlett argues things slowly changing. Evidence of some change in representations of gay sexuality like camp, butch, lesbian. Media companies are aware that the gay and lesbian consumer market – the “Pink Pound” is large and affluent.

   • Pluralist - content in media decsided on its audience so if it changes made as audience are changing

7. The sanitisation of gay sexuality

   • Gill - suggests to avoid offending heterosexual audiences, the media present homosexuality in a sanitized way. (not in sexual/passionate)
     • appear as mainly stylish and attractive designed to appeal to women not to other gay men. Lesbians on the other hand rarely appear and when they do it is for the oldest heterosexual male fantasy.
       • benefitial to men - 'male gaze'
       • Representations have triple effect: •Appealing to the gay and lesbian market . •Not offending heterosexual media audiences •Not challenging heterosexual ideology

8. Heterosexual Portrayal of Homosexuality

   • media not want to challenge heterosexual ideology of homosexuality - as fear of offending as most people open to have the sexuality they want and equality ect
     • linked to profit - people want to see = people buy newspapers - invest in media ect if the public like what they see and aren't offended also sex sells but only hertrosexual
       • However shows such as Will & Grace and Queer Eye for the straight guy and Modern family suggest portray in normal way and friendly to watch. so make profit willing to show :)

9. The portrayal of heterosexuality

   • In contemporary Britain, dominant view of ‘normal sexuality’ = heterosexuality, which is a central aspect of both hegemonic masculine + feminine stereotypes. Traditionally women have been defined by their physical attractiveness + sexual appeal to men. Traditionally seen as sex objects, subjected to the ‘male gaze’, particularly mass media + advertising.
   • The increasing sexualisation of men
     • Men becoming sexualised objects – now more magazines aimed at how they look, what they eat etc.
       • Mcrobbie - beauty stakes have increased for men = men concerned w/ their bodies
     • Men's bodies become a tool of advertising + there is growing media interest in men's bodies. Particularly “moobs”! The sun even published a hall of shame. However, women still more likely to be viewed as sexual objects through pornography etc.

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