MULTI STORE MODEL EVALUATION

MULTI STORE MODEL EVALUATION

1. MSM OVERSIMPLIFIES LTM

   • there is a lot of research evidence that LTM is not a unitary store
   • we have one LTM store for memories of facts about the world (semantic), and a different ne for memories of how to ride a bike (episodic)
   • the MSM is limited as it does not reflect the different types of LTM

2. RESEARCH STUDIES SUPPORTING MSM USE ARTIFICIAL MATERIALS

   • Researchers often ask pps to recall digits, letters, and sometimes words. PETERSON and PETERSON (1959) even used consonant syllables which have no meaning
   • in everyday life we form memories related to all sorts of useful things - people's faces, their names, facts, places, etc
   • this suggests the MSM lacks external validity. Research findings may reflect how memory works with meaningless material in lab testing, but does not reflect how memory mainly works in everyday life

3. ONLY EXPLAINS ONE TYPE OF REHEARSAL

   • this is a very serious limitation of the MSM because it is another research finding that cannot be explained by the model
   • but elaboratetive rehearsal is needed for long-term storage. This occurs when you link info to your existing knowledge, or process it
   • CRAIK AND WATKINS (1973) argued there are 2 types of rehearsal - maintenance and elaborative. Maintenance is the one described in the MSM

4. EVIDENCE SUGGESTS THERE IS MORE THAN ONE TYPE OF STM

   • the WMM is a better explanation for this finding as it includes separate stores
   • the MSMstates that there is only one type of STM (unitary store). But KF case study suggests there must be one short-term store to process visual info and another to process auditory info
   • SHALLICE AND WARRINGTON (1970) studied KF, a patient with amnesia. His STM for digits was poor when they read them out loud to him. But his recall was much better when he read the digits himself

5. SUPPORTED BY RESEARCH SHOWING STM AND LTM ARE DFFERENT

   • this clearly shows that coding in STM is acoustic and coding in LTM is semantic
   • this supports as the MSM's view that these two memory stores are separate and independent
   • BADDELEY (1966) found that we tend to mix up words that sound similar when using our STMs. But we mix up words that have similar meanings when we use our LTMs