Framework 1: Lexis & Semantics

Framework 1: Lexis & Semantics

1. Nouns

   • Object name, people/place name
   • Proper Noun- refers to names of people or places
     • eg) London, Paris
   • Abstract Noun - refers to state, feelings & concepts with no physical existance
     • eg) pain, happiness
   • Concrete Noun- refers to objects that have a physical existance
     • eg) table, chair

2. Pronouns

   • Replaces a noun, can indicate gender, number etc
   • Personal Pronoun
     • eg) I, you, she, they
   • Possessive
     • eg) my, his, our, their
   • Reflexive
     • eg) myself, himself, themselves
   • Demonstrative
     • eg) this, these, that, those
   • Relative
     • eg) who, whom, which

3. Adjectives

   • a describing word
     • eg) enormous, large, short, untidy, old, scary
   • Post-modifying
   • Pre-modifying

4. Verbs

   • A word used to describe and action, state or occurance
   • Material Verb- describes action or events
     • eg) hit, run, eat, push, read
   • Rational- describes states of being
     • eg) be, appear, seem, become
   • Mental- describes thought or speech
     • eg) think, speak, believe, love
   • Dynamic- change in state over time
     • eg) paint, remove, eat
   • Stative- where situation remains constant
     • eg) love, hold, believe

5. Adverb- intensifier; describes the verb

   • eg) very, extremely, immensely

6. Determiner- clarifies a point

   • "I am THE doctor"
     • eg) a, is, the, his

7. Conjunction- links words, phrases and clauses

   • eg) and, but, or , although, because

8. Prepositional- shows relation in terms of time or place

   • eg) in, at, by, on, under, over

9. Lexis- words

10. Semantics- the meaning

11. Textual cohesion- describes how a text is logically ordered, to create coherent sense of meaning