ANATOMY

ANATOMY

1. dictates

   • PHYSIOLOGY
     • FUNCTION
       • movements
       • boundaries
       • responsiveness
       • metabolism
       • excretion
       • growth
       • reproduction
       • digestion
     • Survival Needs
       • nutrients
       • oxygen
       • normal temperature
       • water
       • atmospheric pressure
     • Homeostasis
       • stable internal condition
       • dynamic equilibrium
       • nervous and endocrine systems
       • Homeostatic Imbalance
         • disturbance
       • Components
         • Receptor
           • sensor
             • stimuli
         • Control Center
           • analyze
             • set point
         • Effector
           • output
             • efferent pathway
           • negative feedback
             • reducing amount of change
               • heart rate
               • blood pressure
               • breathing rate
               • hormones
               • blood levels
           • positive feedback
             • rare, push variable
               • blood clotting
               • giving birth
     • Membranes
       • Transport
         • solution
           • homogenous
         • solvent
           • large amount
           • dissolving medium
         • solutes
           • small amount
         • intracellular fluid
           • semi-permeable
             • free pass
           • selective
             • not free
         • interstitial fluid
           • nutrients
           • regulatory substances
           • salts
           • waste products
         • plasma membrane
       • Passive
         • simple diffusion
           • lipid-soluble
             • pores
         • osmosis
           • lipid-pore
             • aquaporins
         • facilitated diffusion
           • membrane proteins
             • carrier transport
       • Active
         • energy/ATP
         • solute pumping
           • amino acid
           • sugar
           • ions
       • Vesicular
         • exocytosis
           • "out of the cell"
           • releases neurotransmitters
         • endocytosis
           • phagocytosis
             • cell-eating
           • pinocytosis
             • cell-drinking
           • receptor-mediated
             • main mechanism
           • "into the cell"

2. STRUCTURES

   • Language
     • Anatomical
       • • stand erect
         • face forward
         • feet parallel
         • hands side, palms forward
     • Directional
     • Regional
       • anterior
       • posterior
     • Body Planes and Sections
       • Abdomen
         • Quadrants
         • Regions
       • sagittal
       • midsagittal
       • frontal
       • transverse

3. Approaches

   • gross
     • visible or macroscopic
       • naked eye
   • microscopic
     • histology or microanatomy
       • microscope

4. "to cut; to dissect"

5. Levels of Organization

   • atoms
   • cells
     • • food
         • energy
         • metabolism
         • repair
         • growth
         • reproduction
       • nucleus
       • plasma membrane
       • membrane junctions
       • cytoplasm
       • ribosomes
       • RER/SER
       • lysosomes
       • perixomes
       • mitochondria
       • cytoskeleton
       • cilia
       • flagella
   • tissues
   • organs
   • organ systems
   • organism

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