Africa

Africa

1. Climate Refugees

   • Climate refugees are a new type of refugee fleeing from the drought. These refugees flee to the refugee camps in Dabaab, Kenya. They live in the refugee camps that were set up for people fleeing violence in their own countries such as Somalia.
   • These people aren't allowed to stay in these camps and therefore have to either renounce their citizenship or leave the camp. For most, they have nothing if they leave the camp because their livestock/crops have died and they have no money to replace them.
   • Many agree that climate change is causing the change and decrease in rainfall.
   • Aprox. 4,600 citizens fled.

2. Zai Farming

   • Zai Farming is a new type of farming for people in these areas. They look like this:
   • The farmers would dig a small hollow in the ground and organic soil would be placed in the bottom. Then, the farmers would plant their crops here so when they irrigate their crops they only put water in the hole rather than wasting it by pouring it all over the floor and everywhere else where it is not going to be useful.
     • Advantage: Water efficient.
     • Adavantage: No cost to build (only locals will need to be educated in how to use the scheme effectively.
     • Disadvantage: Might not work in all areas and soil types.
     • Disadvantage: Doesn't help pastoral farmers.

3. Diguettes/Rock Belts

   • These are built along the contours of the land. Their aim is to catch water behind them and keep soil behind fertile they can them use the water for irrigation and the soil to grow crops.
     • Advantage: Water efficient.
     • Advantage: No cost.
     • Disadvantage: Time consuming.
     • Disadvantage: Only beneficial on hilly land.
     • Disadvantage: Need at least some water/rainfall in order for it to work
   • They look like this:

4. Conservation Farming

   • Conservation farming is where farmers grow crops with lots of other crops.
     • Advantage: If some fail, others may survive.
     • Advantage: Saves water.
     • Advantage: No or very little bare soil because all the space is being used.
     • Advantage: taller crops provide shade for smaller crops.
     • Advantages: There will be steady prices because of a variety and no over-supply of crops.
     • Advantage: People will have a varied diet.
     • Disadvantage: Expensive to buy different seed types.
   • It looks like this: