Innate Immune Response

Innate Immune Response

1. non-specific

2. immune components preformed

3. response magnitude

   • similar during 1st and subsequent encounters

4. No memory is stored

5. 1st lines of Defence

   • Physical barrier
     • saliva
       • antibacterial enzyme
     • mucus linings
       • traps dirt and microbes
   • Chemical barrier
     • skin
       • prevent entry of phatogents
     • tears
       • antibacterial enzyme
     • "good" gut bacteria
       • stop other harmful bacteria that taking over

6. 2nd lines of defence

   • fever
     • increase temperature above 37
     • change settings of hypothalamus
       • initiated by pyrogens
     • benefits
       • reduced iron availability
       • Inhibition of microbial multiplication
       • increase metabolic reactions
   • inflammation
     • redness
     • heat
     • pain
     • oedema
     • stages of inflammation
       • tissue injury
         • release of chemical signals such as histamine
       • dilation and increased leakiness of local blood vessels
         • migration of phagocytes to the area
       • phagocytes
         • tissue heals
     • release of cytokines
     • vasodilation
   • phagocytosis
     • macrophages
     • neutrophils
     • posses lysosome
   • Antimicrobial proteins
     • complement system
     • interferons
     • iron-binding protein
     • Antimicrobial peptides