Weimar and Nazi Germany(EDEXCEL)

Weimar and Nazi Germany(EDEXCEL)

1. 1918-1920

   • 9th November 1918 Abdication of Kizer Wilhelm II
   • 11th November 1918 Armastice treaty signed. (Treaty of versailles)
     • Army
       • Limited to 100 000
       • Baned from the Ruhr
     • Navy
       • 6 battle ships
       • 6 Crusers
       • 12 Destroyers
       • 12 Submerines
     • No Air Force
   • Challegnes from the extreams
     • Spartacists (communits)
       • Came form the Inderpendent Socilistis Party
       • Had Soviet Backing (large funding)
       • 2 Leaders
         • Rosa Luxemburg
         • Karl Liebkecht
       • Based in Berlin
       • acted January 1919
         • Took over Goverment Newspapers
         • Strike on Berlin (attempted)
         • Freikoprs used to remove them from power
     • Kapp Putch
       • Acted March 1920
       • Made of Freikoprs
         • Right-wing
         • X-soldgers who had kept there wepons
         • 250 000 men in March 1919
       • Head of army resisted
       • Marched on berlin
         • Government fled berlin
           • Goverment orginsed strikes, which forced them to stand down
   • Hitler joined the DAP (German Workers Party)

2. General

   • Stab in the Back Theory
     • Didn't loes the war
     • Betrayed by the Government
     • Used By Hitler
     • They could have won
     • Not True
   • Extremests do better in bad conditions when people are desperate

3. 1920-1923

   • Political assinations took place from 1919-1923
     • Used by right wing extremists
     • Weeken weimar
     • Judges sympathetic resulting in light punishments
   • Hyperinflation
     • 1919 bread - 1 mark 1922 bread - 100 marks 1923 bread - 200 000 billon marks
     • November 1923 the mark was worthless
   • January 1923 - French troops occupy the ruhr to take reperations. Troops take things from the industry. Germany not allowed miltry there so can not do anything
   • Hitler became the leader of NSDAP (Nationl Socilist German Works Party) (NAZI) who were previously DAP
   • 25-POINT PROGRAM
     • Points
       • Increase Pensions
       • Nationalise Industires
       • Remove tratey of versailles
       • Improve German Armed Forces
       • No Jewish Citerzens
     • The Nazio Program writen in 1920

4. 1923-129

   • Stressman set up new courancy in November 1923
     • Supply of notes tightly controled
     • In august 1924 reich bank was given control of the new courrency
   • Dawes Plan 1923
     • Installment temperaly reduced to £50 millon per year
     • US bank aggred to make loans to germany industry
   • Youngs Plan
     • Reduced Reperations from £6.6 billon to £2 Billon
     • Payments could be made over a longer period of time (until 1988)
     • Extremists opposed it e.g. Nazis. Extending Burden for future genorations
   • Improvments in the econamy
     • Industal output doubled. Passed pre world war I levels
     • Employment and trade incresed
     • Extreame political parties were compley agianst Germany paying reparations at all
     • Economic revery depened on American Loans
   • Stressman resigned as chanclor in Novermber 1923
     • Stayed in Forein securaty until 1929
       • Reduced populatiry for extmist parties
       • Reduced economic hardship
   • Ageements/pacts
     • Locarno Pact 1925
       • Agreed border with france - improved relations with france
       • perminant demilterisation of Ruhr (Both sides)
     • Kellog Briand Pact 1982
       • Agreement between 26 counries to not use war as a foriegn policity
   • Changes
     • Workers
       • Working hours reduced
       • Wages Increase
       • Conditions improve
       • Unstable emplyoment due to hyperinflation
     • Improvments for Women
   • Munich Putch
     • Reasons
       • Long Term
         • 'Stab in the back'
         • Repeartions
         • Treaty of versailles
         • Disliked Weimar
       • Mediam Term
         • Hitler inspiered by Musslini
       • Short Term
         • Frecnch Troops in the Ruhr
         • Hitler thought that he had support
         • hyperinflation