Anthropology, Psychology, Sociology Exam Review

Anthropology, Psychology, Sociology Exam Review

1. By: Chantrea Kim

2. Unit One: Introduction to Anthropology, Psychology, Sociology

   • Anthro: Study of lives and cultures of humans, past/dead and present/alive.. -> How humans live, think, communicate, produce and interact with their social and physical environments.
     • Three Sub-categories
       • Physical Anthropology
         • Biological: Studies how diseases and illnesses are genetically transmitted. Focuses on the environmental and social causes of diseas.se
         • Primatology: 5 Great Primates-> Orangutan, Gorilla, Chimpanzee, Bonobo, and Human. Focuses on our evolutionary past. Studies the thinking and communication patterns of primates.
         • Forensic: Discovers clues in physical injuries, the wear on bones or teeth, and chemical composition of bones or teeth.
       • Social/Cultural Anthropology
         • Linguistic: Determines links between language and culture; study structure of language.
           • Draws connections between language, brain, and cultural behaviour.
         • Archaeology: Excavates human constructions and artifacts to see how humans lived in their culture/time.
           • Artifacts: Weapons, Clothing, etc.
   • Psych: Scientific study of behaviour and mental process. -> Try to describe, explain, predict, and control behaviour and mental processes.
     • 4 Sub-categories: biological, psychoanalytical, cognitive, socio-cultural
       • Psychoanalytical: Clinical method for treating psychopathology (by Sigmund Freud), Allows psychologists to see the psychological problems rooted from the unconscious mind._
   • Socio: Systematic Study of human social life, groups, and societies. -> Study how groups and societies shape who you are.
   • Social Scientific Method -> Be Able To Identify
     • 1. Question of Problem: Based on Informal research/observation
       • 2. Hypothesis: What do you think the answer to your question will be? What are you trying to prove?
         • 3. Problem : Issue/ Topic of report
           • 4. Observations:: Data collected during research
             • 5. Analysis: Full understanding of each individual part
               • 6. Conclusion: Final thoughts, answer, etc.
   • Unit #1: Research & Inquiry Methods - Introduction to Social Sciences Difference between anthropology, psychology, and sociology. Overview of each discipline - sub-branches for each discipline ex. primatology, biology, linguistics, etc. Areas of psychological study: biological, psychoanalytical, cognitive, socio-cultural Sociological perspectives: functionalist, conflict, symbolic-interactionist Psychological pioneers and their contributions: B. F. Skinner, Ivan Pavlov What is a reputable source? - know criteria Research & Inquiry methods - observation, participatory, interview, survey, etc. using primary and secondary sources and data analysis Social science research methods: Hypothesis Conclusion Qualities of a reputable source Order of sections in a social scientific method paper Participant observation

3. Unit 2: Anthropology

   • Unit #2: Anthropology – Physical & Cultural - know the subfield categories Carolus Linnaeus Gregory Mendel - genetics Charles Darwin Natural selection Opposable thumb Language Acquisition Device (LAD) - Noam Chomsky: innate language acquisition theory Rite of Passage (ROP) – 3 stage process: ex. segregation, transition, re-integration Nature vs. nurture debate ex. Nell movie an example used in class to demonstrate theory Origins of Marriage symbols ex. bouquet, garter, honeymoon, etc...
   • 3 Sub-categories of Anthropology
     • Physical Anthropology: Biological, Primatology, and Forensic
       • Biological: Studies how diseases and illnesses are genetically transmitted.
         • Focuses on the environmental and social causes of disease.
       • Primatology: 5 Great primates - Orangutan, gorilla, chimpanzee, bonobo, and human.
         • Focuses on our evolutionary past. Studies the thinking and communication patterns of primates.
     • Social/Cultural Anthropology: Archaeology and Linguistic
       • Archaeology: Excavates human constructions and artifacts to see how humans lived in their culture/time.
         • Artifacts: Weapons, Clothing, etc.
       • Linguistic: Determines links between language and culture, studies the structure of language.
         • Draws connections between language, brain and cultural behaviour.