Mapa mental
Kidneys
Mind map: kidneys
Conteúdo do mapa
Kidneys
Kidney Failure
- Dialysis
- The filtering of blood using an artificial kidney machine.
- Removes urea and other waste.
- Expensive and time-consuming
- The filtering of blood using an artificial kidney machine.
- Transplant
- Transplants can be rejected and medication must be taken for the rest of your life to prevent the transplant being rejected.
- Requires surgery and associated risks
- A precise donor is needed
- Dialysis
The Nephron
- Ultrafiltration
- High pressure forces fluid from the blood through the walls of the glomerulus and into the space in the middle of the Bowman's capsule.
- Does not pass through
- Proteins
- Blood cells
- Proteins
- Pass through
- Water
- Glucose
- Salt
- Urea
- Glomerular Filtrate
- Urea
- Salt
- Glucose
- Water
- Does not pass through
- High pressure forces fluid from the blood through the walls of the glomerulus and into the space in the middle of the Bowman's capsule.
- Selective Reabsorption
- These molecules are taken into the body during digestion.
- Digestion
- Mechanical digestion
- Chewing of food into smaller pieces - aids persitalsis
- Chemical Digestion
- The breaking down of food into smaller molecules that can be used by the cells in respiration.
- Mechanical digestion
- Digestion
- Takes the the useful substances for the body from the tubules and places them back into the blood filled capillaries.
- Diffusion
- Osmosis
- Transport of Molecules
- Active transport
- Glucose
- Amino Acids
- Some water
- Some salt
- Occurs in the proximal convoluted tubule
- These molecules are taken into the body during digestion.
- Osmoregulation
- Controlled by ADH
- Too little water in body
- High ADH levels
- Walls of the collecting duct more permeable
- Small volume of urine
- Concentrated urine
- Small volume of urine
- Walls of the collecting duct more permeable
- High ADH levels
- Too much water in body
- Low ADH levels
- Walls of the collecting duct less permeable
- Large volume of urine
- Dilute Urine
- Large volume of urine
- Walls of the collecting duct less permeable
- Low ADH levels
- Secreted from pituitary gland
- Released from a gland
- Hormone
- Released into bloodstream and transported around the body
- Circulation
- Chemical messenger
- Slower and longer lasting than nervous reactions
- Nervous System
- Released into bloodstream and transported around the body
- Hormone
- Released from a gland
- Too little water in body
- Occurs in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct
- Reabsorbs water into the blood to ensure that the correct balance is maitainedinside the body
- Homeostasis
- Thermoregulation
- Too Cold
- Body hairs rise
- Vasoconstriction
- Shivering
- Vasoconstriction
- Body hairs rise
- Too hot
- Body hairs stay flat
- Vasodilation
- Sweat produced
- Vasodilation
- Body hairs stay flat
- Too Cold
- Blood Sugar level
- Controlled by insulin and glucagon
- Glucose level too high
- Insulin secreted
- Liver converts glucose into glycogen
- Glucose level goes down
- Liver converts glucose into glycogen
- Insulin secreted
- Glucose level too low
- Glucagon secreted
- Liver converts glycogen back into glucose
- Glucose level goes up
- Liver converts glycogen back into glucose
- Glucagon secreted
- Secreted from pancreas
- Released from a gland
- Glucose level too high
- Diabetes
- Disorder in which the blood glucose levels remain too high
- Type 1
- Cause: lack of insulin
- Treatment: monitoring the diet, injecting insulin
- Cause: lack of insulin
- Type 2
- Cause: becoming resistant to insulin
- Treatment: control of diet, exercise
- Cause: becoming resistant to insulin
- Controlled by insulin and glucagon
- Thermoregulation
- Controlled by ADH
- These molecules are taken into the body during digestion
- Ultrafiltration
Parts of the kidney
- Cortex
- The darker outer region that contains many blood vessels which branch from the renal artery.
- Circulation
- The darker outer region that contains many blood vessels which branch from the renal artery.
- Renal vein
- Carries blood away from the kidney to the heart.
- Circulation
- Carries blood away from the kidney to the heart.
- Renal artery
- Carries blood from the heart into the kidney.
- Circulation
- Carries blood from the heart into the kidney.
- Medulla
- Contains pyramids and is the middle layer of the kidney.
- Pelvis
- The contents of the pyramids drain into here
- Ureter
- Carries urine to the bladder
- Ureter
- The contents of the pyramids drain into here
- Cortex
Urinary system
- Bladder
- Urethra
- Remove waste from the body