Ionic bonding

Ionic bonding

1. the electrostatic attraction between cation and anion after electron transfer.

2. Combined atoms which have a large difference of electronegativities

   • Metal loses electron(s) : cation. Non-metal gains electron(s) : anion.

3. Ionic compound

   • Writing formula by write cation followed by anion and balance the charge.
   • Naming compounds by name cation followed by anion ended with -ide. If the compounds consists polyatomic ions, use the name of polyatomic ions
   • Cation + Anion
     • can be polyatomic ions
   • Ionic radius
     • Cation is smaller than its corresponding atom.
     • Anion is larger than its corresponding atom.

4. Born-Haber Cycle

   • Energies involve in forming ionic compounds.
     • Ionization energy : metal loses electron(s). (step 3)
     • Electron Affinity : non-metal gains electron(s). (step 4)
     • Lattice energy : energy released from combination of cation and anion. (step 5)
       • Definition: Lattice energy is the energy needed to separate an ionic solid into isolated ions in the gas phase.
       • Lattice energy depends on size and charge of ions.
       • Lattice energy determines the strength of ionic bonds and solubility of ionic compounds.

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