Theoretical Approaches

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Theoretical approaches-

A theoretical perspective is the way in which a group of people view society. These perspectives can be divided into main camps:

1.Structuralists- Look at the bigger picture and show how society moulds us and shapes us into the the people we are. These include marxists,Feminists and Functionalists. They tend to use quantitative research methods (presented in statistical form) to study areas of society

2. Interactionists- Focus on smaller groups and individuals, believing that people make society what it is. They tend to use qualitative research methods.

sociologists can be further sub-divided by their outlook on society::

Consensus: Sociologists (Functionalists)- they believe that society is held together because people generally share a set of key norms and values. These are passed down through the different generations by socialisation. They have a very positive view on society and believe it is generally based on agreement.

Conflict: Sociologists (marxists and feminists)- They believe society is organised and structured so that some groups benefit more then others. This means that some groups have control and power to decide what others should do. A society organised in this way brings about disagreement and conflict. Marxists believe social class is the main cause of conflict, arguing that society benefits the rich at the expense of the poor. Feminists believe the conflict exists between men and women, where men benefit more in society.

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