What happened to the Weimar Republic ?

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What happened to the Weimar Republic

1919 - Treaty of Versailles

Forced on Germany - they were not allowed to attend peace talks

Germany's colonies were removed

the German army was significantly reduced - 100,000 soldiers

they had to pay huge reparation

they had to sign the war guilt clause

allied troops occupied the Rhineland

German people hated their governments decision to sign the treaty

1919 - 1920 - Left Wing revolts

The Spartacist Uprising - 1919

Who ? - A communist group set up by Rosa Luxemburg & Karl Liebknecht

What ? - Tried to turn a protest into revolution but there was no support from workers and the army was called in to stop the violence

Why? - they did not trust that the government ( Ebert) would improve the lives of the working class

Success ? - No, the uprising was badly planned, it lacked support and both leaders were killed

The Red Rising - 1920

Who ? - Groups of workers led by communist party members

What ? - 50,000 workers marched into the Ruhr & took control of raw materials. The army were called in and over 1000 workers were killed

Why ? - They were unhappy with the bad pay and conditions

Success ? - No, the revolt lacked clear leadership, it lacked widespread support and had no clear plan meaning overall it didn't threaten the republic

Right Wing Revolts

Kapp Putsch - 1920

Who? - Freikorps led by Wolfgang Kapp

What? - 1200 Friekorps marched into Berlin causing the government to flee, they then put Kapp forward as Germany's new leader

Why?- the government had ordered the Freikorps to disband

Success? - No, Kapp failed to win enough support making it impossible for him to rule and left Berlin after 4 days

Munich Putsch -1923

Who ? - The Nazi Party (55,000 members) and General Ludendorff

What ?- The Nazi's intended to make Ludendorff leader so they took control of a meeting that was being led by Kahr the leader of Bavaria and forced him to agree to their plan

Why ? - Hitler believed that democracy led to a weak government and that there should only be 1 party and 1 leader.

Success ? - No, the government responded very quickly due to the bad planning of the putsch leading to the arrest of the leaders

The Invasion of the Ruhr - 1923

Germany misses reparation payments to Belgium and France causing the to invade and take control of materials

German Government orders the people to passively resist them -> this led to hyperinflation and a rise in unemployment

Stresemann was eventually put in charge and set about repairingg germany by calling an end to the strike and persuading the allied troops to withdraw

How did Hitler become Chancellor ?

The Bruning Government (1930 -1932)

Hadn't succeeded in solving Germany's problems

Bruning wasn't popular -> Von Schleicher persuaded Hindenberg to get rid of Bruning

The Von Papen Government

Only had 68 supporters in the Reichstag

Nazi party was the largest in the Reichstag but Hindenberg didn't trust HItler as Chancellor

Hitler stood against Hindenberg as President - > Hindenberg won

Von Papen organised another election -> he lost even more support

The Von Schleicher Government

Chancellor for 2 months

Hindenberg had no choice but to appoint Hitler as Chancellor in January 1933

How did Hitler become President ?

when Hindenberg died Hitler took over his duties as well making a new position in the process that he called 'The Fuhrer'

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