Quiz
Clinical Medicine - ARF, COPD, OSA, etc.
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Perguntas do quiz (50)
1Acute respiratory failure (ARF) is not a diagnosis.
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2Which of the following PO2 & PCO2 values would be indicative of ARF? (Choose all that apply)
- APO2: 80 mmHg
- BPCO2: 80 mmHg
- CPO2: 55 mmHg
- DPCO2: 55 mmHg
- EPCO2: 30
3Which of the following signs and/or symptoms are NOT shared by both hypoxemia and hypercapnia:
(select all that apply)- Acyanosis
- Btachypnea
- CAMS
- Dasterixis
4For pts with chronic hypercapnia, a [blank_start]low-flow O2[blank_end] may be used to avoid [blank_start]hypoventilation[blank_end].
- Alow-flow O2
- Bhigh-flow O2
- Chypoventilation
- Dhyperventilation
5Which of the following ventilatory supports would be most appropriate for a patient w/ an acute lung injury, ARDS, and/or severe hypoexmia?
- ANPPV (CPAP or BiPAP)
- BIntubation
- CNon-rebreather mask
- DNasal cannula
6Which of the following might be considered indications for intubation?
(select all that apply)- Ainability to clear secretions
- Bmental status decline
- Crespiratory acidosis
- Dfatigue, tachypnea, and accessory muscle use
7Which of the following may be a complication of mechanical ventilation?
- Abarotrauma
- Bacute respiratory alkalosis
- Chypotension
- DA & B only
- EAll of the above
8Deliberate hypoventilation to avoid barotrauma - even to the point of hypercapnia - is permissible when using mechanical ventilation.
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9Which of the following need be of concern when a pt is on mechanical ventilation? (select all that apply)
- Aminimizing sedatives, hypnotics, and/or opiates
- BDVT prophylaxis
- Cdecubitus ulcers
- Davoidance of hypokalemia and/or hypophosphatemia
10Which of the following is the strongest predisposing factor to asthma?
- Aobesity
- Bgenetic predisposition
- Cmale
- Dfemale
- Eatopy (atopic syndrome)
11Which of the following may trigger an asthma exacerbation? (select all that apply)
- AWeather
- BExercise
- CGERD
- DNSAIDs
- EMenstruation
12Which of the following may be signs and/or symptoms of asthma? (select all that apply)
- Anasal polyps
- Beczema/atopic dermatitis
- Cprolonged inspiratory phase
- Duse of accessory muscles
- Enasal mucosal swelling
13Which of the following are common findings in diagnosing asthma? (select all that apply)
- Areduced FEV1/FVC
- Bincreased FEV1/FVC
- Cabnormal CXR
- Dimproved by bronchodilator
- Eexacerbated by methacholine
14"Control" of asthma is expressed in terms of impairments and risks.
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15The most effective treatment for long-term control of asthma is:
- ASABA
- BLABA
- CICS
- DLeukotriene modifiers
- EExercise
16Which of the following is/are best used to treat exercise-induced asthma?
- ALeukotriene modifiers
- BSABAs
- CICS + SABA
- DCromolyn sodium & nedocromil
- EAnticholinergics
17Which of the following is the best treatment for short-term control (quick relief) of asthma sxs?
- ASABAs
- BLABAs
- CICS
- DAnticholinergics
- ESystemic corticosteroids
18Anticholinergics (e.g. ipratropium) are best used in conjunction with systemic corticosteroids.
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19An asthmatic suffering from an acute exacerbation may have a normal to below normal respiration rate.
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20Types of COPD include: 1) [blank_start]Chronic Bronchitis[blank_end] (the blue bloater) characterized by excessive secretions and daily productive cough, and 2) [blank_start]Emphysema[blank_end] (the pink puffer) characterized by abnormal airspace enlargement distal to terminal bronchiole w/ wall destruction.
- AChronic Bronchitis
- BEmphysema
- CAsthma
- DARF
- EARDS
- FChronic Bronchitis
- GEmphysema
- HAsthma
- IARF
- JARDS
2180% of COPD is caused by tobacco smoking.
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22An uncommon cause of COPD in a young, non-smoker may be related to:
- AAsbestos
- BAtopy (Atopic Triad)
- CSampter's Triad
- DAlpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency
- ESARS
23Late stages of COPD may include:
- Apulmonary HTN
- Bcor pulmonale
- Cchronic respiratory failure
- DA & C only
- EAll of the above
24Common COPD findings:
(select all that apply)- APFT: increased FEV1/FVC
- BEKG: multifocal atrial tachycardia
- CCXR: flattening of diaphragm
- DECHO: pulmonary HTN
- EABG: respiratory alkalosis (chronic hypocapnia)
25In COPD, daily oxygen use is positively correlated with longer survival rates, reduced hospitalizations, and better quality of life.
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26Common COPD treatment(s):
(select all that apply)- ADaily Oxygen Use
- BICS/LABA + Anticholinergic
- CSABA PRN
- DLong-term oral steroids
- EProphylaxis Antibiotics
27Possible signs of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) include:
(select all that apply)- AHTN
- BPulm HTN
- CCor Pulmonale
- DErythropenia
- ENasal obstruction
28Which of the following are real surgical procedures used to tx OSA?
(select all that apply)- Aoronasoseptotomy
- Bnasal septoplasty
- Ctracheotomy
- Dnasopharyngeal resection
- Euvulopalatopharyngoplasty
29Community-acquired pneumonia is the most deadly infection disease in the U.S.
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30All of the following are considered risk factors for CAP, EXCEPT:
- AETOH abuse/dependence
- Bdecreased BUN
- CAMS
- Dtachypnea
- EAll of the following are considered risk factors
31Because the clearing of lung infiltrates in CAP may take 6 weeks or longer, there is no need to repeat a CXR unless a pt is not doing well clinically.
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32Hospital (or Health Care) Associated Pneumonia typically develops within 48 hours of admission.
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33Most common cause of HCA PNA:
- AS. pneumo
- BP. aeruginosa
- CK. pneumoniae
- DH. flu
- EAdenovirus
34Which of the following is an empiric tx for MRSA?
- Aamoxicillin-clavulanate
- BClindamycin + B-lactam
- CMacrolide + ICS
- DB-lactam + Aminoglycoside
- ENone of the above
35Aspiration PNA is most commonly associated w/ aerobic bacterial infections.
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36Foul-smelling sputum in PNA is classically associated w/
- Aanaerobic bacteria
- Baerobic bacteria
- Cdental abscesses
- Dempyema
- ETB
37Pulmonary infection often associated with HIV pts:
- AMycobacteria
- BPneumocystis Pneumonia
- CAspergillus
- DSARS
38Mycoplasma tuberculosis (TB) is the most common infectious cause of death in the world.
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39TB is eradicated in 95% of cases in which the host is not immunocompromised.
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40Which of the following statements is NOT accurate regarding TB:
- ALatent TB can still be transmitted to others in blood and plasma
- BTB has a 50% reactivation rate in pts w/ HIV
- C90% of adult TB is activation of latent TB
- DExtrapulmonary TB is common in HIV
- EDrug resistance is a major problem
41Which of the following is NOT commonly associated w/ TB:
- Acalcified hilar nodules (latent)
- BGhon and Ranke complexes (latent)
- Cinfiltrates in lower areas of lungs (active)
- Dhilar LAD (active)
- Emiliary pattern w/ hematogenous spread (active)
42Routine TB skin tests in low-risk persons is not generally recommended.
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43The tuberculin skin test identifies infected individuals but does not differentiate between active and latent infection.
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44TB skin tests are read by measuring:
- Aerythema
- Binduration
- Ccolor of area
- Dsensitivity/tenderness of area
- Eall of the above
45It may take up to 10 weeks for an immune response to develop to TB infection.
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46Which of the following TB skin test induration measurements would be considered positive: (select any that apply)
- A6mm in HIV pt.
- B8mm in pt. w/ HA-PNA
- C12mm Non-immunocompromised pt.
- D8mm in organ transplant pt.
- E6mm in an infant
47Pyridoxine (vit. B-6) is given in TB tx to decrease the neurological side effects
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48TB may migrate to all areas of the body, including the brain, heart, bones, muscles, and lymph nodes.
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- BFalso
49Treatment of latent TB usually involves:
- ABCG vaccine
- BIsoniazid for 6-9 months
- CNo treatment (only monitoring via serial CXRs)
- DTST
- EBoth A & B
50The BCG vaccine is not given in the U.S.
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
Informações
- Descrição
- Acute Respiratory Failure/ Asthma/COPD/Sleep Apnea/ Pulmonary Infections
- Autor
- campbellpa2017
- Idioma
- English
- Visualizações
- 100
- Etiquetas
- Avaliação
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