Quiz
Abnormal Psychology Final Exam (Ch. 5-8; 11-15)
Perguntas do quiz (50)
1Marcus has been suffering from panic attacks in recent months. When he goes to his physician to find out what may be causing them, which of the following would be the most immediate question that his doctor might ask?
- AHave you ever suffered from alcoholism?
- BHave you ever suffered from schizophrenia or another psychotic disorder?
- CHave you recently had any surgeries?
- DDo you smoke cigarettes on a regular basis?
2Which of the following is the most likely explanation for why a full three-quarters of people diagnosed with agoraphobia are women?
- AHormonal differences
- BCultural explanations
- CEvolutionary effects
- DNeurotransmitter differences
3Which of the following individuals might be the most likely to suffer from a condition called susto?
- AAjebola, an 18-year old woman who lives in Nigeria
- BAhna, a 62-year old Inuit woman who lives in Alaska
- CAshook, a 42-year old man who lives in Iran
- DAngel, a 32-year old man who lives in Guatemala
4Which of the following is a likely explanation for why isolated sleep paralysis occurs?
- AREM sleep is spilling over into the waking cycle
- BThe person is experiencing a narcoleptic episode but it comes on during sleep rather than during wakefulness
- CBlood pressure drops during REM cycles, leaving a person unable to fully awaken
- DSleep paralysis is really a symptom of night terror disorder, and thus the person is having multiple issues taking place at one time
5According to your authors, almost everyone agrees that ________ is an essential and necessary part of treatment for specific phobias.
- ASSRI medications
- Bstructured and consistent exposure-based exercises
- Cplay therapy
- Din-vivo flooding
6Mario lives in the United States, and has recently been dealing with an unusual symptom of an anxiety disorder called olfactory reference syndrome. Which of the following problems is Mario facing?
- AHe is afraid that his genitals are receding into his body
- BHe feels that he is smelling things, like burning flesh, that others cannot detect
- CHe worries that he is offending others with his body odor
- DHe worries that he will, at any moment, blurt out an inappropriate or profane verbalization
7What is the primary difference between acute stress disorder (ASD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
- AASD is diagnosed when the person suffers from 3 of a list of 10 symptoms, while PTSD is diagnosed when that person suffers from 6 or more of those 10 symptoms
- BASD is diagnosed within the first month after the traumatic event, while PTSD is diagnosed if the symptoms last or appear more than one month later
- CASD is diagnosed when traumatic event is physical, while PTSD is diagnosed when the traumatic even it psychological
- DASD is diagnosed when the symptoms show up in a person under 18 years of age, while PTSD is diagnosed in people over that age
8Why is it that the diagnostic criteria related to "tension relief" were removed from the DSM-5 definitions of skin picking disorder and trichotillomania?
- ABecause a substantial number of people who engage in these behaviors do not do so to relieve tension or experience tension relief
- BBecause the neural mechanisms that deal with tension (located in the amygdala) are distinct from those that control compulsive hair pulling or skin picking behaviors (located in the central sulcus)
- CBecause both of these disorders were removed from the DSM-5 and collapsed into the more general "physical idiosyncratic behavior disorder" diagnosis
- DBecause a majority of people who engage in such actions actually experience a significant increase in tension as a result of these behaviors
9Jane has a constant worry about getting sick even though she does not have any immediate symptoms. Whenever there is a new story about a new bug of an outbreak of some virus like the flu, she finds herself feeling very worried about getting the latest sickness. If she gets a mild symptom like a runny nose or a small rash, she is immediately convinced that she is developing a serious illness. Jane would be best diagnosed with
- Apsychological factors affecting medical condition
- Bdissociative somatization
- Cillness anxiety disorder
- Dsomatic symptom disorder
10With regard to a diagnosis of somatic symptom disorder, men are
- Aequally as likely as women to be diagnosed
- Bmore likely than women to be diagnosed during middle to late adulthood but more likely than women to be diagnosed during teen years and early adulthood
- Cmore likely than women to be diagnosed
- Dless likely than women to be diagnosed
11Research has suggested a connection between somatic symptom disorder and ________ personality disorder that lies in a neurobiologically shared disinhibition syndrome characterized by impulsive behavior.
- Aavoidant
- Bborderline
- Chistrionic
- Dantisocial
12A person experiencing a conversion symptom called globus hystericus would experience which of the following?
- AFeeling a lump in the throat that interferes with swallowing, eating, or talking
- BAbility to identify everything in the visual field even though the patient reports that she is blind
- CAbility to see some bright objects when calm but suffering complete loss of sight during a stressful period or emergency
- DAn absence of concern with a perceived significant loss of some psychological function
13In which of the following countries would the experience of a dissociative trance be seen as inconsistent with cultural norms and expectations?
- ADenmark
- BThailand
- CIndia
- DNigeria
14Which of the following statements is true about dissociative identity disorder?
- AThe form that the disorder takes differs substantially over the lifespan
- BThe frequency of switching increases with age
- COnce established, the disorder usually resolves on its own without treatment in an average of 3 to 4 years
- DFor prevalence rates, the ratio of females to males is approximately 9 to 1
15Dora has agreed to go skydiving with her boyfriend to help him celebrate his 30th birthday, but she is absolutely terrified to do so. The morning of the big jump she wakes up and reports that she cannot feel or move her feet. She is upset by this, and her boyfriend takes her to the hospital. Doctors in the emergency room cannot find anything physically wrong with her. After the time for the sky-dive has passed, Dora's feeling of her feet seems to return without explanation. This could be an example of _______________.
- Aillness anxiety disorder
- Bconversion disorder
- Csomatic symptom disorder
- Ddissociative disorder
16Which of the following is TRUE about a hypomanic manic episode?
- AIt always causes marked impairment in social or occupational functioning
- BIt needs only last 2 days to "qualify" as an official episode
- CIt is not actually involved in the diagnosis of a specific mood disorder
- DIt is not necessarily problematic
17In very severe cases of major depressive disorder where the symptoms last for ___ years or longer, approximately 38% of patients can be expected to eventually recover.
- A5
- B10
- C2
- D7
18Suicide associated with bipolar disorder is most likely to occur when the symptoms
- Aare of the rapid-cycling type
- Bfit the pattern of bipolar II disorder
- Cfit the pattern for cyclothymia
- Dare not of the rapid-cycling type
19Of the two forms of unipolar depression (major depressive disorder and persistent depressive disorder), the lifetime prevalence for both combined is about ___ percent of the general population.
- A6.2
- B8.6
- C1
- D3.5
20Current research into neurotransmitter systems has produced the "________" hypothesis, which states that when serotonin levels are low, other neurotransmitter systems become dysregulated and contribute to mood irregularities.
- Alock-and-key
- Bpathoneurosis
- Cincompatibility
- Dpermissive
21________ theory that people become anxious and depressed because they believe that they have no control over the stress in their lives is called the learned helplessness theory.
- AAaron Beck's
- BCarl Rogers'
- CMartin Seligman's
- DAlbert Ellis'
22Professor Davidson conducts his Social Philosophy class during the fall semester, and at the end of the term he is reviewing the evaluations he received from his students. Of the 30 students in his class two of them gave him negative evaluations, three of them gave neutral assessments, and 25 of them raved about how wonderful the class was. Professor Davidson completely disregards the 25 good and 3 neutral reports, and focuses only on the 2 negative ones. When he is done is feeling very unhappy and is sure that the class would be considered a failure. According to Aaron Beck, Professor Davidson is engaging in a cognitive error called ________.
- Acatastrophizing
- Bovergeneralization
- Csublimation
- Darbitrary inference
23The antidepressant medications known as tricyclics include all but which of the following drugs?
- AImipramine
- BZoloft
- CElavil
- DTrofanil
24Interpersonal therapy (IPT) focuses on resolving problems in existing relationships and learning to form new interpersonal relationships. It is highly structured and rarely takes more than ______ sessions.
- A10 to 12
- B5 to 7
- C25 to 30
- D15 to 20
25Why is suicide such a significant problem in Native Americans as opposed to other racial/ethnic groups?
- ABecause the connection Native Americans have to their spiritual past makes suicide a more socially acceptable option
- BBecause Native Americans place a high premium on their honor, and suicide is seen as a necessary action when a family's honor has been lost
- CBecause Native Americans believe that self-inflicted death is viewed as preferable to death due to illness or disease, and is regarded as an admirable act
- DBecause of the high rate of depression in Native Americans
26A condition called Korsakoff syndrome is sometime seen in those who suffer from chronic alcoholism, and involves confusion, loss of muscle coordination, and unintelligible speech. It is caused by a deficiency in which vitamin?
- Ariboflavin
- BB-12
- Cthiamine
- Dcalcium
27A research study of 6,000 lifetime drinkers (DeWitt, et al., 2000) found that drinking at an early age of ________ was predictive of later alcohol-related disorders.
- A6-9
- B9-11
- C14-16
- D11-14
28Which of the following drugs is NOT classified as a barbiturate?
- ASeconal
- BAmytal
- CNembutal
- DAtivan
29Which of the following drugs is NOT classified as a barbiturate?
- AGlutamates
- BBeta-endorphins
- CDynorphins
- DEnkaphalins
30Of the following drugs, one is not considered to be an amphetamine that is on a small but feared growing list of similar substances. Which one is it?
- AEve (MDEA)
- BEcstasy (MDMA)
- CNexus (BDMEA)
- DKetamine (Special K or Cat Valium)
31Victor has suffered from a substance-related disorder for many years, and has finally decided to seek treatment to kick his habit. As part of his counseling, Victor and his therapist select the behaviors that are unhealthy and need to change, and decide on what rewards Victor will earn by making those changes. Their plan is very clear and very simple, and there is no room for misinterpretation. Victor and his counselor are employing ________ as part of his treatment.
- Arelapse prevention
- Bcontingency management
- Csystematic desensitization
- Daversive counterconditioning
32Of the following individuals, which would be the most likely to score low on the openness to experience factor in the five-factor model of personality?
- AA man from the Netherlands
- BA man from Austria
- CA man from Malaysia
- DA man from Switzerland
33Which of the following is true about psychopaths?
- ATheir behavioral problems usually do not emerge until late adolescence or early adulthood
- BContrary to popular belief, those with psychopathy are actually less likely to have a parent with psychopathic tendencies
- CMost folks with psychopathy have a very difficult time functioning in society and they rarely have high-status occupations
- DPsychopaths with a higher IQ are less likely to develop more serious problem, or at least are less likely to get caught for delinquent behavior
34According to your authors, the genetic contribution to the development of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder appears to be
- Amoderate
- Bweak
- Cstrong
- Dnonexistent
35Which of the following individuals coined the term dementia praecox, which meant "premature loss of mind?"
- APhillipe Pinel
- BEugen Bleuler
- CEmil Kraepelin
- DSigmund Freud
36Patrice believes that although she is speaking and is aware of herself, she is really dead. She is not able to explain how she continues to exist even though she is deceased, but she maintains this belief even in the face of tremendous evidence that she is wrong. Patrice is experiencing _______________ syndrome.
- ABarlow's
- BDurand's
- CCapgras
- DCotard's
37Which of the following symptoms of schizophrenia involves mimicking another person's speech?
- Aclang associations
- Bselective mutism
- Cecholalia
- Dechopraxia
38Which of the following statements regarding schizophrenia is accurate?
- AWomen with schizophrenia have a poorer prognosis than men with schizophrenia
- BThe lifetime prevalence rate of schizophrenia worldwide is 3%
- CThe frequency of early life schizophrenia is higher for women, while the frequency of later life onset of symptoms is higher for men
- DLife expectancy is less than average due to suicides and accidents
39In regard to cultural differences in "expressed emotion," which is thought to be positively correlated with schizophrenia, research has found that _________ families have the lowest percentage of expressed emotion.
- AAnglo-American
- BBritish
- CIndian
- DMexican
40Which of the following side-effects of antipsychotic medications involves involuntary chewing, puffing of the cheeks, and a protruding tongue?
- ATardive dyskinesia
- BNeurofibromatosis
- CApophenia
- DArganulocytosis
41With regard to different geographic regions and the prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, which of the following is an accurate statement?
- AThe prevalence of ADHD in children is about 5.2% across all regions of the world
- BContrary to popular belief, the rate of diagnosis of ADHD in children is highest in Japan and China, where any inattentiveness of impulsivity is regarded as pathological
- CIn the United States ADHD is seen more in boys than in girls, but in virtually every other society examined it is seen more in girls than in boys
- DADHD is seen almost exclusively in North America, including the United States and Canada. For that reason it is considered a "cultural" (or culture-bound) syndrome
42Research into neurological underpinnings of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has focused on the amygdalae. Which of the following is one suggestion of how the amygdala might be involved in the development of ASD?
- AThe surface of the amygdala is shriveled and contoured in those with autism spectrum disorder in a way that is not seen in those without ASD
- BThe amygdala is separated from the hypothalamus in a pathological way, and thus the response of fear cannot be appropriately connected to the endocrine system
- CThe amygdala is shrunken in those with autism spectrum disorder, resulting in an absence of ability to properly process threatening and/or foreign stimuli
- DThe amygdala is enlarged causing excessive anxiety and fear and this contributes to the social withdrawal that typifies autism spectrum disorder
43________ communication strategies may include the use of picture books and computer assisted devices that help people with expressive difficulties overcome the frustration of being unable to communicate their thoughts, feelings, and desire to other people.
- AComponential
- BAugmentative
- CAdjunctive
- DProspective
44Which of the following statements about neurocognitive disorder is TRUE?
- AThe rate of new cases doubles with every 5 years of age after age 75
- BMore than 90% of the cases are of the Alzheimer's type
- CWorldwide, the cost of neurocognitive disorder is about $315 trillion per year
- DGlobally, one new case of neurocognitive disorder is identified every 30 seconds
45Which of the following statements is FALSE about vascular neurocognitive disorder?
- AThe prevalence rate is 25% for those over age 80
- BThe outcome is similar to that of Alzheimer's disease
- CThe prevalence in those between 70 and 75 years of age is about 1.5%
- DThe risk for men is slightly higher than women
46The condition called chronic traumatic encephalopathy used to be called ________.
- AKorsakoff's syndrome
- Bpseudologica fantastica
- Cdementia pugilistica
- DAsperger's disorder
47Which of the following drugs used in the treatment of neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimer's disease is rarely used due to it's potential to damage the patient's liver?
- ACognex
- BExelon
- CAricept
- DReminyl
48The mental health of caregivers of people with neurocognitive is a topic that warrants very serious investigation. Research finds that approximately ____ percent of such caregivers suffer from clinical depression.
- A40
- B25
- C10
- D70
49Michael has been diagnosed with Parkinson's disease after exhibiting several different symptoms. One of them, called ________, involves a slowing down of body movements.
- Aischemia
- Bcatatonic frenzy
- Cbradycardia
- Dbradykinesia
50Why was the DSM-IV diagnosis of amnestic disorder removed from the DSM-5?
- Abecause it was diagnosed so infrequently that it was not considered a "valid" diagnosis
- Bbecause PET-scan imaging found that the memories that appeared to have been lost were, in fact, still in-tact, and thus amnesia had not occurred
- Cit was not distinct from mild neurocognitive disorder, and was "folded into" that diagnosis
- Dbecause it was determined that all such cases are dissociative in nature, and thus were better categorized as dissociative amnesia
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- Abnormal Psychology Quiz sobre Abnormal Psychology Final Exam (Ch. 5-8; 11-15), criado por Sarah Nichols em 28-04-2018.
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- Sarah Nichols
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