Quiz
Clinical Pharmacology Final MCQs- 5th Year PMU
Perguntas do quiz (100)
1Drugs half-life is an index for
- Athe route of administration of the drug
- Bthe duration of the drug effect when there is a relationship between it and plasma concentrations
- Ctime to reach steady-state plasma concentration after repeated administration
- Ddetermination of dose interval
2Irrational ready-made drug formulations contain
- Adrugs withdifferent half-life
- Bdrugs for etiotropic and symptomatic treatment
- Cdrugs with narrow therapeutic window
- Ddrugs affecting different pathogenic mechanisms
3Drug surveillance is done by
- Aspontaneous reporting
- Bobservation studies
- Cfamily doctors
- Dpopulation statistics
4Adverse drug reactions are the following types
- Aaugmented
- Bbizarre
- Cchronic
- Ddelayed
5Drugs contraindicated in the first half of pregnancy are
- AErythromycin
- BSex steroids
- CPenicillins
- DOral anticoagulants
6For pharmacokinetics in elderly is true
- Adecreased excretion
- Bdecreased metabolism
- Cdecreased volume of distribution
- Dincreased volume of distribution
7Reasons for inadequate pharmaceutical availability are
- Achronic renal failure
- Bimproper use of the drug formulation
- Cbad quality of the drug substance
- Dparticipating in treatment
8First phase of clinical trial can be determinated as
- Afirst application of a new substance to healthy volunteers
- Bfirst application of a new substance to patients
- Cefficacy and safety in a large number of patients
- Dpost-marketing surveillance in thousands of patients
9Monitoring of therapeutic plasma concentrations is necessary for
- Atheophyllin
- Bphenobarbital
- Ccarbamazepin
- Damoxicillin
10Pharmacogenetic differences lead to
- Adecreased effect
- Bincreased effect
- Cdevelopment of adverse drug reactions
- Davitaminosis
11Placebo is
- Aallergic drug reaction
- Bdrug form, without active substance
- Cmethod for treatment of acute pain
- Ddrug tolerance
12Nocebo effect is
- AAllergic drug reaction
- BAnalgesic method
- CAdverse drug reaction, caused by placebo
- DCNS depression
13When patient and doctor are aware of the contents of the formulation, the trial is defined as
- Aopen trial
- Bblind trial
- Cplacebo trial
- Ddouble blind trial
14Binding of drugs with plasma proteins is important for
- Ahalf- life
- Bdrugs interactions
- Cbioavailabillity
- Dthe value of the pharmacological effect
15Adverse drug reactions lead to
- Aincreased pharmacological effect
- Bdecreased risk of toxicity
- Cdecreased efficacy of the treatment
- Ddevelopment of unpredictable drug effects
16Tobacco smoking
- Aincreases drugs metabolism
- Bdecreases drug metabolism
- Cdecreases plasma concentrations of methylxanthines
- Ddoesn’t change drugs metabolism
17Categories of ADRs are
- Acertain
- Bprobable
- Cpossible
- Dunlikely
18Therapeutic drug monitoring is
- Amethod for neuroleptanalgesy
- Bused, when there is relationship between plasma concentrations and drug effect
- Cused for drugs with narrow therapeutic window
- Dused for drugs with long half- live
19Third phase of clinical trial can be determinated as
- Afirst application of a new substance to healthy volunteers
- Bfirst application of a new substance to patients
- Cefficacy and safety in a large number of patients
- Dpost-marketing surveillance in thou-sands of patients
20Clearence is an index for
- Adrugs excretion
- Bdetermination of maintaining dose of the drugs
- Cdrugs absorption
- Deffects of the drugs on the heart
21Adverse drug reactions of methylxanthines are
- Aarrhythmias
- Bheadache, fatigue, seizures
- Cdecreased diuresis
- Dbradycardia
22Bronchodilators are
- AAntimuscarinic drugs
- Bβ2-mimetics
- CMethylxanthines
- DH2-blockers
23Drugs, used for treatment of chronic heart failure are
- ACardiac glycosides
- BACE- inhibitors
- CCalcium channel blockers
- DDiuretics
24Diuretics, used in chronic liver failure are
- Aosmotic diuretics
- Bthiazide diuretics
- Cloop diuretics
- Daldosterone antagonists
25Anti-angina effect of β-blockers is due to
- Abradycardic effect
- Bcoronary vessels dilation
- Creduced oxygen demand of the heart
- Dinhibition of platelet aggregation
26Adverse drug reactions of dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonists are
- Atachycardia
- Bbradycardia
- Cswelling of ankles
- Dflushing and headache
27Withdrawal syndrome is observed in treatment with
- ACalcium channel blockers
- Bβ-blockers
- COrganic nitrates
- DMetabolotropic drugs
28Drugs preferred for treatment of hypertensive crisis are
- AFurosemide
- BClonidine
- CNitroprusside
- DPindolol
29Which are the main drug groups for treatment of ulcer disease
- Aantacids drugs
- Banti-secretion drugs
- Cgastro-duodenal protectors
- Ddrugs against HP infections
30Which are non-absorbent antacid drugs
- Asodium salts
- Bcalcium salts
- Caluminium salts
- Dmagnesium salts
31Point out the correct statement for opioid analgesics
- Abinds to specific opioid receptors
- Bcause dependence and abuse
- Cin high doses suppress the respiratory center
- Dshowed withdrawal in long term therapy
32Which are the therapeutic effects of NSAIDs
- Aanalgesic
- Bantipyretic
- Canti-inflammatory
- Dcough suppressants
33In patients with Gram (-) infections are preferred
- AUreidopenicillins
- BNarrow spectrum penicillins
- CMacrolides
- DFirst generation cephalosporins
34Antimicrobial drugs with renal excretion are
- APenicillins
- BQuinolones
- CMacrolides
- DAminoglycosides
35Surrogates in rational pharmacotherapy are
- Aclinical- laboratory indexes
- Binstrumental investigations - ECG: EMG; MRT etc
- Cdisease improvement
- Ddecreased mortality rate
36Pharmacodynamic changes in elderly are
- Aincreased sensitivity to drugs suppressing central nervous system
- Bdecreased sensitivity to drugs suppressing central nervous system
- Cparadoxal reactions are observed
- Dadverse drug reactions are more frequent
37Steady-state plasma concentration is
- Ablood concentration of the drug 2 hours after administration
- Bblood concentration of the drug after repeated administration when there is a balance between absorbtion and excretion
- Cblood concentration of the drug after it has been ceased
- Dblood concentration of the drug during its absorbtion
38Bad compliance of the patient may be due to
- Adose regimen with many drugs with frequent administration
- Ba large number of drugs
- Clack of information for the treatment
- Dthe drug must be taken once daily
39Fourth phase of clinical trial can be determinated as
- Afirst application of a new substance to healthy volunteers
- Bfirst application of a new substance to patients
- Cefficacy and safety in a large number of patients
- Dpost-marketing surveillance in thousands of patients
40Drugs clearance is
- Aamount of drug, that reaches systemic circulation
- Bblood plasma volume from which the drug is eliminated for defined period of time
- Csteady- state plasma concentration
- Dwithdrawal syndrome
41β2-mimetics are contraindicated for patients with
- Adiabetes
- Bbradycardia
- Cthyreotoxicosis
- Dhypertension
42Pethidine is indicated for
- Astrong acute pain as some crisis
- Bchronic pain in cancer patients
- Ctoothache
- Dheadache
43The main mechanism of action of NSAIDs is
- Ainhibition of COX enzymes
- Binhibition of phosphodiesterase
- Cbind to dopamine receptors
- Dbind to opioid receptors
44The antibiotics of choice for patients with immune deficits are
- Abactericidal
- Bbacteriostatic
- Ccarbapenemes
- Dglycopeptides
45Corticosteroids for systemic application are
- APrednisone
- BBudesonide
- CMethylprednisolone
- DPrednisolone
46The therapy of cardiac failure should starts
- AAs earlier as having diagnose
- BACE inhibitors are recommended as first line drugs
- CThe very low doses are preferred
- DStart with high doses
47The most often ADRs of β-blockers are
- ATiredness
- BBradycardia
- CAV block
- DHypertension
48For treatment of Prinzmetal angina are used
- Apropranolol
- Bdiltiazem
- Cverapamil
- Dfurosemide
49Adverse drug reactions of ACE inhibitors are
- Aangioedema
- Bdry cough
- Chyperlipidemia
- Dhyperglycemia
50Mechanism of antihypertensive drugs are
- Adecrease of blood volume
- Bdecreased sensitivity of vessels to vasoconstrictors
- Creduced activity of renin-angiotensin system
- Ddecreased peripheral vascular tone
51Proton pump inhibitors are
- AOmeprazole
- BRabeprazole
- CMizoprostol
- DLansoprazole
52Gastrointestinal mucosa protectors are
- ASucralphate
- BMisoprostol
- CProbiotics
- DColloidal bismuths salts
53Opioid analgesics are suitable for treatment of
- Atraumatic shock
- Bacute myocardial infarction
- Cmalignant pain
- Dneuropathic pain
54Which are the indications for prescribing NSAIDs
- Aarthritis
- Btoothache
- Cradiculitis
- Dneuropathic pain
55Triptans are used for treatment of
- Aacute migraine
- Bprevention of migraine
- Ccancer pain
- Dallergies
56Antimicrobial drugs for hepato-biliary infections are
- ACeftriaxone (Rocephin)
- BGentamycin
- CRifampicin (Tubocin)
- DDoxyxyclin (Vibramycin)
57Adverse drug reactions of aminoglycosides are
- Aototoxicity
- Bnephrotoxicity
- Cgastrointestinal problems
- Dliver toxicity
58Indications for using cardiac glycosides in the therapy of congestive heart failure are
- Aearly stage of chronic cardiac failure
- Bheavy CCF
- Csupra-ventricular fibrillations
- Ddecrease the mortality rate
59Adverse drug reactions of non-dihyropyridine calcium channel antagonists are
- Atachycardia
- Bbradycardia
- Cconstipation
- Dheart failure
60Anti-angina effects of organic nitrates is done by
- Adecreased preload of the heart
- Bimproved oxygen supply
- Creduced afterload of the heart
- Ddilation of coronary vessels
61Typical for mixed type of insomnia are the following features
- Athe difficulties to fall asleep
- Beasy fall asleep
- Cawakening during the night
- Dearly awake
62Which of the following β2-mimetics are used as controllers
- ASalbutamol
- BSalmeterol
- CSeretide
- DTerbutaline
63The quality of therapeutic decision (outcomes) can be measured by
- Aclinical outcomes
- Bcosts — direct and indirect
- Cfunctional status pf patient
- Doverall patient satisfaction
64Method of evaluation of cost/benefits ration are
- Acost minimization analysis
- Bcost effectiveness analysis
- Ccost utility analysis
- Dcost consequence analysis
65Diuretics are combined with which of the drugs for treatment of cardiac failure
- AACE inhibitors
- BCardiac glycosides
- Cβ-blockers
- DOrganic nitrates
66β2-mimetics should not be combined with
- ACorticosteroids
- Bβ-blockers
- CLeukotriene inhibitors
- DMAO inhibitors
67Methylxanthines should not be combined with
- ADiuretics
- Bβ2-mimetics
- CCorticosteroids
- DLeukotriene antagonists
68Characteristic feature of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) are
- Agood tolerability
- Bbetter compliance
- Ccomplex hemodynamic improving effect
- Dless tolerated and low compliance in comparison with ACE inhibitors
69Antianginal drugs are
- ACardiac glycosides
- Bβ-blockers
- COrganic nitrates
- DCalcium channel blockers
70Antihypertensive drugs are
- ADiuretics
- BACE inhibitors
- CAngiotensin receptor blockers
- Dβ-blockers
71Adverse drug reactions of salt losing diuretics are
- Ahyperglycemia
- Bhyperuricemia
- Chypopotassiemia
- Dhyperpotassiamia
72Well known drug interactions of proton pump inhibitors are
- Adecreased absorption of some antibiotics as tetracyclines, isoniazid, ciprofloxacin
- Bdecreased absorption of some drugs as digoxin, quinidine, theophylline, NSAIDs
- Cincreased absorption of some antibiotics as tetracyclines, isoniazid, ciprofloxacin
- Dincreased absorption of other drugs as digoxin, quinidine, theophylline, warfarin
73Contraindicated during pregnancy or breast feedings drugs are
- ABismuth salts
- BMisoprostol
- CProton pump inhibitors
- DAntacid drugs
74In which cases step-wise pain killing approach is used
- Apatients with cancer pain
- Bpatients with crisis
- Cpatients with toothache
- Dpatients with headache
75Which are the ADRs of NSAIDs the selective COX-2 inhibitors
- Acardio-toxicity
- Bepidermal necrolysis
- Cpeptic ulcer
- Ddepressed fertility
76Adverse drug reactions of triptans are
- Asleepiness
- Bfatigue and dizziness
- Chyperglycemia
- Dparesthesias
77In patients with Gram (+) infections are preferred
- AUreidopenicillins
- BNarrow spectrum penicillins
- CMacrolides
- DFirst generation cephalosporins
78Adverse drug reactions of tetracyclines are
- Aliver damage
- Bototoxicity
- Cnephrotoxicity
- Dteeth and bone damage
79Adverse drug reactions of quinolones are
- Agastro-intestinal
- Bdamage of the joints
- Cincrease of intraocular pressure
- Dprovoke seizures in patients with epilepsy
80Mechanisms of drug interactions are
- Aunpredictable
- Bpharmacokinetic
- Cpharmacodynamic
- Dpharmaceutical
81Pharmacokinetic defects are
- Aacetylation
- Boxidation
- Chydrolysis
- Dred cells enzyme defects
82Adverse drug reactions of β2-mimetics are
- Atachycardia
- Bhyperglycemia
- Chypoglycemia
- Dheadache
83For treatment of stable angina are preferred
- ACalcium channel blockers
- BOrganic nitrates
- CDiuretics
- Dβ-blockers
84Adverse drug reactions of nitrates used for acute attacks are
- Atachycardia
- Btolerance
- Chypertension
- Dheadache and flushing
85Which are contraindications for NSAIDs non-selective COX inhibitors
- Aasthma
- Bpeptic ulcer
- Cliver insufficiency
- Dkidney insufficiency
86The benzodiazepines and some barbiturates exert the following ADRs
- Ahypertension
- Bdrug tolerance and dependence
- Cslowed reflex time and myorelaxation
- Dmorning sleepiness for the drugs which form active metabolites
87Which of the following drugs are used to treat headache
- ABeta-blockers
- BTriptans
- COpioid analgesics
- DNSAIDs
88The rational drug combinations for treatment of headache are between the following drugs
- ANSAIDs and spasmolytics
- BNSAIDs and coffein
- COpioid analgesics and NSAIDs
- DAnalgesics and calcium channel antagonists
89Quinolones are contraindicated for
- Apregnant women
- Bbreast feeding mothers
- Cchildren under 12 years of age
- Dpatients with kidney failure
90Adverse drug reactions of sulfonamides are
- Abone-marrow suppression
- Ballergy
- Ckidney damage in high doses
- Dheart failure
91Metabolic effects of glucocortcosteroids are
- Ahypoglycemia
- Bhyperglycemia
- Creduced calcium absorption
- Dincreased protein catabolism
92Drugs decreasing myocardial hypertrophy are
- Aβ-blockers
- BAngiotensin receptors blockers
- CDiuretics
- Dα-blockers
93Rational drug combinations for treatment of hypertension are
- Aβ-blocker + α-blocker
- Bβ-blocker + diuretic
- Cα-blocker + ACE inhibitor
- DCalcium channel antagonists + Diuretic
94Adverse drug reactions of α1-blockers are
- Atachycardia
- Bflush syndrome
- Cdry mouth
- Dorthostatic hypotension
95Opioid analgesics are suitable for treatment of
- Atraumatic shock
- Bacute myocardial infarction
- Cmalignant pain
- Dneuropathic pain
96Which corticosteroids are used by inhalation in asthma attacks
- ABudesonide
- BDexamethasone
- CFluticasone
- DBeclomethasone
97Antihypertensive drugs with direct vasodilating effects are
- ADiazoxide
- BNitroprusside
- CPropranolol
- DMethyldopa
98Antihypertensive drugs are
- Aα2-agonists
- Bα1-blockers
- CM-cholinolytics
- DAntihistamine drugs
99Which are anti-secretion drugs
- AProton pump inhibitors
- BH2-histamine blockers in stomach mucosa
- CM3-cholinergic blockers in stomach mucosa cells
- DCOX inhibitors
100Which drugs are used for eradication of Helicobacter pylori infections
- Aproton pump inhibitors
- Bcolloidal bismuthi salts
- Chistamine blockers
- Dantibacterial drugs
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