Flashcards
Conscience
Flashcards do conjunto (29)
- 1Aquinas - what did he say about what conscience is?‘a faculty of man making moral decision’
- 2Were did Conscience come from?he did not follow the trend that the conscience is the voice of God, but he did argue that reason (‘ratio’) itself is God-given.
- 3Recto Ratioright reason
- 4Synderesis'do good and avoid evil’
- 5Conscientiapractical application of the synderesis and phronesis (practical wisdom and virtues)
- 6Give an example of 'not to murder'Major premise (synderesis): all evil must be avoided
Minor premise (reason): murder is evil
Conclusion (conscientia): murder must be avoided - 7What did he say if we ignore our conscience?By ignoring reason is the ‘same as dismissing the command of God’ which is considered wrong!
- 8What did McNamara criticise about Aquinas' view?said it was an error to call the conscience a ‘faculty’ we possess, but rather it is an attitude that shouldn’t revolve around pleasure and profit.
- 9Vincible ignoranceyou could have known better - hence you are accountable (blameworthy) for.
- 10Invincible ignorancethere was no way you could have known that was going to be the outcome. Cannot be blamed for this.
- 11Freud proposed three parts of the conscience, what are theyId, Ego, Superego
- 12SuperegoSuperego - a psychological construct associated with the disapproval of society which we internalize - restricting the instinctive behavior of humans
- 13EGOEgo - the conscious rational self - reality principle - which mediates between the id and the demands of social interaction.
- 14IDId - part of the unconscious irrational self that drives on pleasure principles
- 15What is the Oedipus Complex?Oedipus Complex - a feeling of competition with their fathers and the affection for their mothers
This then develops a guilty conscience which grows and becomes pathological - 16What is the problem with it?The problem arises when the father is the mother’s lover and also the disciplinarian of the house
So assuming the child’s fear for their fathers is because he fears castration by a romantic rival or he is afraid of ordinary punishment. - 17What did Malinowski say?argues that the Oedipus complex is not universal - hence it lacks any authority
- 18Is Oedipus complex not universal?Trobriand society and found that the children were disciplined by their paternal uncles and not their fathers
In this case, the role of the disciplinarian (uncle) and the romantic rival (father) is separate.
Hence the Oedipus complex is not universalized - 19What was Frued's response?Freud is trying to argue with this idea of repression because of the id and the wrong desires which the child realizes he must control because it makes him feel a sense of guilt.
- 20Eric Fromm's support for FreudIndividuals are influenced by external authorities such as the government, which we internalize
- 21Authoritive conscienceA guilty conscience comes from displeasing the authority and so as a result of this fear, is submission to authority.
Problem - which authority do I follow? Who is right? - 22Give an example - NaziExample: Nazi Germany government manipulating the minds of Germans to believe that Jews were the enemy
- 23Humanistic consciencehumans should judge how successful we are as people and lead us to realize our full potential as far as possible.
- 24Alternatively, what is the other view of conscience?For some, the conscience might not be the superego but instead just an illusion…
- 25Dawkins, in The Selfish Gene, talks about what type of gene?altruistic gene (Concern for others) that has become part of our survival strategy - it has been shown that it is more successful than competition
- 26Is conscience just biological?The idea that the conscience is rather a biological program for survival by the ‘lust to be nice’
- 27Daniel Dennett speaks of conscience in what way?“Conscience is just a bag of tricks” and an illusion.
- 28What is conscience?He pointed out that we are made of 100 trillion cellular robots and none of which are conscious - but somehow conscience is achieved from the busy activities of these neurons.
- 29Conscience is just an illusion and nothing more...There is this phenomenon whereby the mind seeks information that isn't actually there.
Conscience is an illusion created by our minds trying to make sense of moral decision making and it has nothing to do with the superego.
Informações
- Descrição
- A levels Ethics (Consicence) FlashCards sobre Conscience, criado por yasmin kongsfelt em 06-06-2018.
- Criado por
- yasmin kongsfelt · jun 2018
- Atualizado
- 6 jun 2018
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